UNIT 6 Period Ⅴ 单元语法（word教参）-【优化探究】2021-2022学年新教材高中英语必修第二册配套教参（北师大版）
Period Ⅴ 单元语法
授课提示：对应学生用书第82页
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
①However，after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work，the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band.
②However，the next King of Prussia，Frederick William Ⅰ，to whom the amber room belonged，decided not to keep it.
③Later，they may give performances in pubs or clubs，for which they are paid in cash.
④They may start as a group of highschool students，for whom practising their music in someone's house is the first step to fame.
[我的发现]
1．以上四个句子都使用了“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词若指物，那么介词后的关系代词用which；若指人，则用whom。
2．以上四个句子中，第①句是限制性定语从句，第②③④句是非限制性定语从句。
1．“介词＋关系代词”结构引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用which (指物) 或whom (指人)，即：介词＋which/whom，并且不能省略。
If you have anything on which you want my opinions，feel free to see me.
如果你们有什么事需要征求我的意见的话，随时来找我。
I took a photo of the students，among whom was seated a teacher.
我给这些学生拍了一张照片，他们中间坐着一位老师。
2．“介词＋which”在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，相当于关系副词when，where，why。
She still remembers the day on which (＝when) she won the prize.
她仍然记得自己获奖的那一天。
This is the house in which (＝where) I lived two years ago.
这是我两年前住过的房子。
We didn't know the reason for which (＝why) he refused our help.
我们不知道他拒绝我们帮助的原因。
[名师点津] 当定语从句中的谓语动词短语是固定搭配不可分割时，那么该动词短语中
的介词不能前置，如listen to，look at，look for，look into，depend on，make use of，pay attention to，take care of等。
This is the pen which I'm looking for.
这是我正在找的那支钢笔。
3．介词前有时加名词、数词等，构成“名词/数词/不定代词＋of which/whom”结构，在定语从句中作主语。
English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each of which uses it differently.
英语是一种多元文化共享的语言，每一种文化都以不同的方式使用它。
I collected some books，the covers of which (＝whose covers/of which the covers) are yellow with years.
我收藏了一些书，它们的封面因年代久远都变黄了。
[名师点津] “介词＋关系代词(which/whom)”是定语从句重点和难点，因为很多同学不知道该如何确定关系代词(which/whom)前面的介词。下面介绍一个办法：“一先，二动，三意义”。
“一先”，即根据先行词来确定介词。
The factory in which I'm working mainly produces computers.
我工作所在的工厂主要生产电脑。
(in which代替in the factory，在工厂里用介词in。)
“二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词来确定介词。
In the dark street there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.
在漆黑的街道上她没有一个人可以求助。
(to whom代替to a person；turn to sb.for help向某人求助。)
“三意义”，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。
In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 p．m.，by which time many people have gone home.
在办公室里下午5：30以前我似乎永远没有时间，到那时，许多人已经回家了。
4．“复合介词＋which”引导的定语从句，常用逗号与先行词隔开，而且定语从句常用倒装语序。
He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall tree.
他住在一幢大房子里，房前有一棵大树。
[名师点津] “介词＋where”和“介词＋which”的用法不同，如：
His head soon appeared out of the window，from where he saw nothing but trees.
他的头很快从窗口露出来，从那儿除了树木他什么也看不见。(from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I tried to persuade her to buy the house of which the windows face south，but she didn't take my advice.
2．I'll never forget my teacher under whose influence I took up teaching，determined to dedicate myself to the rewarding career.
3．We should be aware that the degree to which our diet is successful depends on our willpower.
4．You shouldn't have been so rude to Dennis，for which you should apologize to him，I suppose.
5．Jack is a very excellent actor，and the films and TV plays in which he acts attracted many young people.
6．Although modern technology could help produce more crops，these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions hold much value.
7．Professor Smith，for whom work matters most，is devoted to his research work.
8．Anger is an acid that can do more harm to the vessel in which it is stored than to anything on which it is poured.
9．Gun control is a subject about which Americans have argued for a long time.
10．This is the building of which the windows have been painted green.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我仍然记得第一次见到詹尼弗的那一天。
I still remember the day on_which I first met Jennifer.
2．我经常想起我在大学的时光。
I often think of the time in_which I was in college.
3．这就是莎士比亚出生的城镇。
This is the town in_which Shakespeare was born.
4．他没有告诉我们他为什么那样兴奋。
He didn't tell us the reason for_which he was so excited.
5．他陷入了很难决定什么是对的局面。
He gets into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right.
同义词和反义词
①He was never actually unkind (kind) to them.
②It's impossible (possible) for me to be there before eight.
③It was pouring with rain so I accepted (refuse) his offer of a lift.