Unit 4 单元语法：非谓语to-infinitives，verb-ing and verb-ed forms学案 -2021-2022学年高一英语牛津译林版选择性必修第一册

译林版选择性必修第一册Unit 4单元语法--非谓语to-infinitives，verb-ing and verb-ed forms Activity 1　读文探究 阅读教材48页的短文，找出使用了to-infinitives，verb-ing and verb-ed forms的句子。 (1)作主语：As a result，celebrating the beauty of nature and country life became a common theme in Romantic poetry. (2)作表语：The aim of the Romantics was to break with the ideals of the 18th century. Romantic poets were often not pleased with what was happening in their country and they were not always interested in the improvements in science. (3)作宾语：They refused to follow rigid rules. Instead，they advocated going back to nature. (4)作主语补足语：Large factories were being built and people were made to work long hours. (5)作定语：During that time，England was undergoing a process called industrialization. (6)作状语：Exploring the world of emotion and showing the beauty of nature，the poetry of the Romantic era is one of the greatest treasures in Western literature. Activity 2　感悟规律 (1)to-infinitives forms指发生在未来的行为；verb-ing forms指正在进行着的行为；verb-ed forms 指过去的行为。 (2)总的来说，verb-ing forms表达主动的意义；verb-ed forms表达被动的意义。 (3)to-infinitives forms 可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、补足语或状语；verb-ing forms可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语或状语；verb-ed forms可以作表语、定语、补语或状语。 Activity 3　语法精析 非谓语动词综述 非谓语动词通常指动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。见下表： 　　　　功能 形式　　　　 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 动词不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动词-ing形式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动词-ed形式 √ √ √ √ 1.非谓语动词作主语：动词不定式与动词-ing形式 (1)动词不定式和动词-ing形式都可以在句中作主语。不定式作主语时常常用形式主语it代替，不定式置于句末。如： Collecting stamps is my hobby. It is my hobby to collect stamps. (2)动词-ing形式有时也用形式主语it代替，动词-ing形式置于句末。如： It is no good pretending to know what you do not know. It is no use complaining about everything day by day. 2．非谓语动词作宾语：动词不定式与动词-ing形式 (1)在afford，agree，arrange，choose，claim，desire，expect，fail，hope，intend，offer，pretend，promise，refuse，wish等动词后，常接动词不定式作宾语。如： Mike offered to help me. Tom promised to go with me. (2)在advise，admit，avoid，consider，deny，enjoy，finish，practise，suggest等动词以及burst out，give up，insist on，keep on，put off等短语后，常接动词-ing形式作宾语。如： I cons