专题7.特殊句式-2020-2021学年英语新高二暑假衔接大串讲(人教版2019)

特殊句式 特殊句式比较杂乱，掌握起来有一定的难度。其中倒装句是高考的热点，强调句是高考的难点。同时，祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象，如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句，把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。 【重点、难点】 一 、倒装句 (一)完全倒装(Full Inversion) 谓语动词完全放在主语之前的句子便是完全倒装句。这类句型主要有： 1．表示方式、方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等，置于句首，且主语是名词时。如： In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.在英格兰一所大学的讲堂里坐着一位教授。 South of the river lies a small factory.一个小型工厂坐落在河的南岸。 Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。 2．such置于句首时。如： Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist. 这就是艾伯特·爱因斯坦，一个朴实的人，也是20世纪最伟大的科 ②如果not until引导的是句子，until从句不可倒装，只是主句需要倒装。 hardly...when...，no sooner...than...“刚……就……”等引导两个句子时，前一个句子用部分倒装，后一个句子不倒装。 Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.他一听到这个消息就哭了。 (二)形式倒装(Formal Inversion) 形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。它的特点是，只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。这样的结构较多，但尤其要注意as, though引导让步状语从句时采用形式倒装的情况。 1．表语的倒装 Tired as/though he was, he still went on with his work.尽管他很累，他还是继续工作。 2．谓语动词的倒装 Try as he might，he didn't pass the exam.尽管很用功，但他考试还是不及格。 3．状语的倒装 Much as he likes the bike, he doesn't want to buy it.他虽然很喜欢那辆自行车，但不想买它。 警示 如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。如： Child as he is, he knows a lot.尽管他是孩子，但他懂得很多。 Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best.他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但英语说得最好。 1.For a moment nothing happened.Then ________ all shouting together. A．voices had come B．came voices C．voices would come D．did voices come 2.Not only ________the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well. 3.Only when he apologizes for his rudeness ________ to him again.(I will speak, will I speak) 4.Not once ________ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.(it occurred, did it occur) 5.Never before ________ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A．had she B．she had C．has she D．she has 【归纳总结】 完全倒装与部分倒装 (1)完全倒装：当状语here，there，down，up，now，out，off等方位副词或介词短语in the room，on the way等置于句首时，