内容正文:
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冠词与代词
+ 题型组合练
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第
2
讲
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知识点睛
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冠 词
(一)不定冠词
1.在发音以辅音音素开头的单词前用a,在发音以元音音素开头的单词前用an。
a university, a useful animal, a oneeyed dog, a European car, an hour, an honest boy, an Xray, an ugly man, an honor等。
I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier.
作为一名超市收银员我每小时挣10美元。
2.不定冠词a/an放在单数可数名词前,泛指一个人或一个事物。
They found an apartment in America. They were there for only a month.
他们在美国找到一个公寓,在那里待了仅仅一个月。
3.表示泛指。说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词。
At that time, I was working in a factory. The factory produces car parts.
那时,我在一家工厂工作。那家工厂生产各种汽车部件。
4.表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量,但数的概念没有one强烈。
As the old saying goes, “Rome was not built in a day.”
常言道,冰冻三尺,非一日之寒。
5.“a(n)+序数词”表示“又一,再一”;“a most+形容词”表示“非常,很”。
He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get a second chance in the long jump.
他在跳高比赛中没有赢得金牌,但是,在跳远比赛中他还有一次(获得金牌的)机会。
He put forward a most useful suggestion at the meeting.
在会议上他提出一个非常实用的建议。
6.在抽象名词success, failure, surprise, pleasure, beauty, wonder, comfort, danger, shock等前表示“一个……的人或一件……的事”。
The operation is a success and the patient is now out of danger.
手术很成功,病人目前脱离了危险。
7.不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如:
all of a sudden 突然
in a hurry 匆忙地
as a rule 通常
be on a visit 参观;拜访
as a matter of fact 事实上
as a result 因此
have a gift for 在某方面有天赋
have/catch a cold 感冒
make a living 谋生
have/take a rest 休息
in a way 从某种意义上说
give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车
(二)定冠词的6种基本用法
1.特指某人或某事。
The village where I was born has grown into a town.
我出生的那个小村庄已经发展成了一个小镇。
2.用于序数词和形容词/副词最高级以及形容词only,very,same等之前。
As is known to all, the People’s Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.
众所周知,中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。
3.某些形容词、分词前表示一类人或用在姓氏复数前表示一家人,要想到用定冠词。
As far as I know, the Greens are going to move to Beijing.
据我所知,格林一家要搬到北京去。
4.在世界上独一无二的事物,西洋乐器以及发明物的名词前要想到用定冠词。
The little girl likes to play the violin and often plays it after school.
这个小女孩喜欢拉小提琴,经常放学后演奏。
5.用于the more...the more...(越……越……)结构中。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
你越小心,就会越少犯错误。
6.定冠词用于固定短语中
at the moment 此刻;目前
at the sam