专题7.主谓一致-2020-2021学年英语初升高衔接大串讲(人教版2019)

2021-06-22
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主 谓 一 致 一、主谓一致的定义及原则 主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致叫作主谓一致。主谓一致遵循三个基本原则:语法一致、意义一致、就近原则。 (一)语法一致 指主语为单数形式,谓语动词也用单数形式,主语为复数,则谓语动词也用复数,如: He is a boy.他是一名男孩。 They are boys.他们是男孩。 (二)意义一致 指主语形式上是单数,但表达的却是复数意义,那么谓语动词要用复数形式,或主语形式上是复数形式但却表达单数意义,则谓语动词也采用单数形式,如: Cattle feed on grass.牛以草为生。 Physics is difficult to learn.物理很难学。 (三)就近一致 指谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定: There is a book,two pens and three pencil-boxes on the desk. 书桌上有一本书,两支钢笔和三个铅笔盒。 There are two pens,a book and three pencil-boxes on the table. 二、主谓一致的应用 1.谓语动词用单数形式的情况 ①可数名词单数及不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数: The ball is under the desk.球在书桌下。 The water is very hot.水很热。 ②more than one +单数名词+单数动词;more +复数名词+than one +复数动词。如: More than one shop was stolen last night. 昨天晚上,不止一家商店被盗。 ③“a +单数名词+ or two”作主语,谓语用单数,如: A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。 ④“many a +单数名词”作主语,谓语用单数,如: Many a student was late for school this morning. 今天早晨,许多学生上学迟到了。 ⑤以-s结尾的单数名词作主语,谓语用单数,如:news, politics , physics , maths, gymnastics等,以及书名、戏剧名、报纸及国家的名称等的复数名词,如: The news is true.这个消息是真的。 The United States is a large country.美国是一个大国。 ⑥no(each, every, many a) +单数名词+ and +no (each , every, many a) +单数名词作主语,谓语用单数: Many a boy and many a girl has handed in their books. 许多男孩和女孩已经上交了书。 Every boy and every girl likes the film star. 所有的男孩和所有的女孩都喜欢这个电影明星。 ★Every boy and girl was invited. 所有的男孩和女孩都请了。 ⑦a kind of/a sort of/a type of/a series of +名词作主语时,谓语用单数,如: This kind of car is made in Harbin. 这种小车是哈尔滨生产的。 A new series of reading for children has been published. 一套新的儿童读物出版了。 ⑧复合不定代词如anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, something, no one, nobody, nothing等作主语,谓语用单数: Everybody likes his poems.所有的人都喜欢他的诗。 ⑨each, either, neither, another, (a) little或much作主语或修饰主语时,谓语用单数,如: Much of what you say is true.你所说的许多话是真的。 Neither answer is correct.两个答案一个都不对。 ⑩时间、距离、价格、度量衡的复数名词作主语时,谓语用单数,如: Ten miles isn't a long distance.十英里并非一段很长的距离。 ⑾运算数词作主语,谓语用单数,如: Five minus four is one.五减四等于一。 Seven times four makes twenty-eight.七乘四等于二十八。 Two a

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专题7.主谓一致-2020-2021学年英语初升高衔接大串讲(人教版2019)
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专题7.主谓一致-2020-2021学年英语初升高衔接大串讲(人教版2019)
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专题7.主谓一致-2020-2021学年英语初升高衔接大串讲(人教版2019)
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