Module 9 语法 冠词2021-2022学年外研英语八年级上册

冠词 Yoyo 1 以上这些词我们称为“冠词” “冠”在中文里=帽子， 他们就像放在名词前的“帽子” 定义 冠词是虚词，一般放在名词之前， 用来帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。 PS: ①冠词不能单独作为句子成分 ②冠词不能脱离名词而独立存在 分类 不定冠词 a banana a house a desk a book an orange an umbrella anegg an island 不定冠词a/an用于可数名词单数前，表示泛指某一类事物中的“一个”。 不定冠词 a放在辅音音素开头的名词前面，an放在元音音素开头的名词前面。 Magic show a an apple university useful tool hour library office egg e-mail actor eye umbrella Magic show a an chair ear pen honset boy friend toy open shop shelf an actor a useful tool a library an office an egg an email an eye an ear a pen a friend a university a toy an honest boy a chair a shelf ___ hat ___ actress ___ honour ___ area ___ egg ___ elephant ___ desk ___ hat ___ open shop ___ stop ___ honour（荣耀） a/an 考点 1. 元音字母U开头，但发辅音的单词。 a university a European a uniform a useful... a useless... a usual.. 2. 辅音字母开头，但发元音的单词 an hour an honor an honest boy an hour a hat an honour an honest boy an island an idea an inch an old man an orange an open shop an office an actor an actress an apple an area an American girl an egg an elephant an e-mail an earth an England boy an umbrella a university an uncle 不定冠词的用法 1. 表示数量“一”（但数的概念没有“one” 强烈） I have a pen. I have an apple. 我有一支钢笔， 我有一个苹果。 2. 用于第一次提到的人或事物的名词前。 I saw a girl just now. She was crying. 我刚刚看见一个小女孩，她在哭。 3.表示 某类人或事物当中的任何一个，泛指 A dog is waiting for you at the gate. 一只狗正在门口等你。 He is a basketball player 他是一个篮球运动员 不定冠词的用法 5. 表示“某一” A Mr. Wang is waiting for you. 一位姓王的先生在等你。 6. 表示“每一个”=every You should take medicine three times a day. 每天三次 4. 表示类别，泛指一类人或物。（a/an不必翻译） A panda is fat and cute animal. 熊猫是一种又胖又可爱的动物。 不定冠词的用法 5. 用于固定搭配中 take a trip have a good time have a look have a rest/break in a word 去旅行 玩的开心 看一看 休息一下 总之 定冠词the 定冠词the放在各种名词前面，目的是对名词做个记号，表示“特指 ”。 在词汇中可以解释为“这个，那个，这些，那些“。 1. 指特定的人或物，用于特指的名词前。 。 定冠词的用法 2. 表示上文提到的或说话双方都知道的人或物。 。 I heard a report. The report was about war. 我听了一个报告，这个报告是关于战争的。 The book is mine. 3. 用在序数词和形容词最高级前面。 The first the most beautiful 4. 用于乐器名词前。 定冠词的用法 5. 用在表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示夫妇二人或一家人。 6. 用在形容词或单数名词前，表示一类人或事物。 The Smith are living in China now. 史密斯一家、夫妇现在住在中国。 play the piano play the guitar We should help the poor. 我们应该帮助穷人。 The dog is my favorite anmial. 我最喜欢的动物是狗。 形容词 单数名词 7. 表示世界上独一无二的事物。 定冠词的用法 8. 用于江河、山脉、湖泊、岛屿、杂志和报纸等专有名词前。 。 the Changjiang River the West Lake the Emei Mountain the Great Wall the sun太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 the Mars 火星 时间 9. 固定搭配中 in the morning all the time at the same time 地点 in the world on the way 方位 on the right on the left at the end of in the middle of 冠词小结 不定冠词之所以叫“不定”， 因为它“不确定”而泛指 定冠词之所以“定”，因为它“确定”而特指。 An earthquake(地震) happened in Xinjiang. The earthquake is so strong that people felt the earth is shaking. Luckily, many of them run out of their house but the house fell down in just a few minutes. Even the highest building in the city fell down. Many people don’t have food to eat. They just take a bag and an umbrella when they ran out of their house. Children were sitting in the playground playing the guitar because their school was gone(消失). The knew the happy days would never come back. But on the second day, the sun came out and many people from other cities came to help them. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑪ Task 1 辨析a,an和the 的用法 Task 2 P77 A5 an a a the the a a a a a 1.不可数名词、专有名词和复数名词前不用冠词。 零冠词的用法 Water boils at 100°C. 水在100摄氏度沸腾。 不可数名词 Books are my best friends. 书是我的好朋友。 复数名词 China is a strong country. 专有名词 零冠词的用法 2. 一日三餐、季节、月份、星期、节日前不用冠词 have lunch in summer in December on Friday Children's Day 3. 球类运动、棋类游戏前不用冠词 play baseball play basketball play chess play soccer She can speak English well. I like history best. 语言 学科 4. 学科、语言前不用冠词 零冠词的用法 5. 表示交通方式的by后的名词前不用冠词 by bus by ship by sea 6. 表示同一个人或事物的两个并列名词的后一个名词 a teacher and writer a dancer and singer 教师兼作家 Sheis our teacher. I am your father. 7. 当名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词及名词所有格等修饰时。 by air by land by car 舞者兼歌手 8.固定搭配 零冠词的用法 有时；偶尔 有无冠词差别很大！ 冠词小结 1. We can go swimming on __Sunday in __summer. 2. This is _usual morning but he takes ___umbrella with him. 3. He was waiting there for _____ hour ? 4. ____old man with thick glasses is their teacher. 5. March 8th is ____ Women’s Day. 6. Dad bought some bread yesterday, but today ___ bread smells bad. 7. He was playing __basketball and I was playing____piano. 8. He is _____ tallest and _____second strongest boy in Class Eight. 9. ____earth goes around _____ sun. 10.My uncle lives in _____America now . a an an hour['aʊə]  usual ['juːʒʊəl]  Exercise:Fill in blanks with a, an,the or / . the The the / / the The the / / / the population countryside space pollution traffic Thank you! Yoyo 31 $