内容正文:
专题08 副词的比较等级
第一部分 语法
一、形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
(1)单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est。
① 单音节单词
small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest
tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest
② 少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词
clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest
(2)以不发音e结尾的单音节单词,比较级在原形后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st。
large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest
(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。
big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest
(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。
easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest
busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest
(5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。
beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful
different→more different→most different
easily→more easily→most easily
(6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。
good→better→best well→better→best
bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest
many/much→more→most little→less→least
far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest
记住一个口诀:两好,两坏和两多;一小,一远和一老
二、形容词、副词原级比较的用法:
1)肯定句中用“as+原级+as”(和......一样);
否定句中用“not so/as+原级+as”(不如......)
You should study as hard as Jack.
I'm not as pretty as my sister.
(2)the same... as“和......一样”
She is beautiful the same as her mother.
(3)A is to B what/as C is to D.(A对B好比C对D)
Reading is to the mind what/as exercise is to the body.
(4)very,quite,enough后接原级
三、形容词和副词比较级的用法
(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。
Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。
This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大三倍。
(2)“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。
I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。
He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。
(3)“比较级+and+比较级”或者“more and more+形容词”“表示越来越...”
When the spring is coming, it gets warmer and warmer.
(4)“the +比较级...the+比较级”“表示越......越......”
The more harder you are, the more you will get.
注意:可修饰比较级的词有:a little, a bit, a lot, far, much, even, still等。
Now the air in my hometown is