专题11 阅读回答问题-2020-2021学年八年级英语下册期末考点大串讲（外研版）

Action is good medicine to cure fear, hesitation, delay will continue to nourish the fear.行动是治愈恐惧的良药，而犹豫、拖延将不断滋养恐惧。 阅读回答问题 一、细节理解题 细节理解题是原文提到了某事物、现象或理论,题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。这类题在原文中可直接找到答案,常用一般疑问句、选择疑问句以及由who, what, where, when, why和how等引导的特殊疑问句来提问。 回答此类问题一般采取寻读法,即先读题,然后带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题有关的词语或句子,再进行分析对比,找出答案。 例原文:On the first day of school, our professor introduced a little old lady to us. 问题:Who did the professor introduce on the first day of school? 思路:通过审题后寻读,考生应回答:A little old lady. 二、主旨大意题 此类问题主要考查学生概括文章主旨或段落大意的能力,其主要目的是培养学生归纳主要信息的能力。现在初中学生阅读时的普遍问题是文章大意基本能看懂,但缺乏归纳主题和写作目的的能力,而这恰恰是阅读教学的主要目的。 主旨大意题的提问方式通常是:What is the main idea of the passage? /What is the passage mainly about? /What is the purpose of the writer’s writing the passage? /What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? /What does the writer want to tell us? 由于文章的主旨大意通常会出现在首尾段或段落的首尾句,所以回答此类型题一般采用略读法。略读时要特别注意短文的首段、首句或末句,一般文章的主旨大意就在这里。抓住每段中的关键词语,便可以迅速把握短文的主旨以及主要信息的分布,在答题时就心中有数了。 三、信息归纳题 该类题目要求考生能在短文中找到题目所涉及的事实性细节,并能适当进行归纳表达。在找到相关细节信息之后,有时可照搬原文信息轻松作答,有时还要对事实性信息进行适当整理。解答信息归纳题时,一方面要在对全文理解的基础上采取寻读策略,找到相应的原文信息;另一方面要使用词语的恰当词性。很多学生在考试时就没有注意到词性的要求。因此,做这类题要回答全面,也要表述正确。 例 原文:I never knew her and nor did I know what to do, but I was there, saying some comforting words to a stranger in pain. I asked her to stand still for a few minutes. We then looked for a place for her to sit. From out of nowhere, her friend joined us. 问题:What did the writer do for the girl? 思路:通过寻读并整合信息,考生应回答出两点:The writer said some comforting words to her and looked for a place for her to sit. 四、开放性问答题 此类题目是要求考生针对短文中所出现的话题发表个人观点和见解。它没有标准答案,需要考生根据自己的理解和想象答题。但考生的三观要符合主流意识形态,陈述理由时不能脱离原文的背景。 开放性的问题使考生跳出了一定的限制范围,有利于体现创造性思维。考生在平时要多思考生活,关注社会和国内外问题,中考时方可写出具有自己个性、言简意赅且合情合理的句子。 例 原文:According to an international survey in 2016, young people in emerging(新兴的)countries like China and India have a greater sense of hope for the future, compared with those living in developed areas such as Europe, North America and Australia. … It was found that 53% of those questioned in C