专题06 连词-初中英语重点语法知识完整梳理（全国通用）

连词 【定义】 连词是连接单词、短语或句子的一种虚词，起辅助作用，在句子中不单独作成分。根据在句子中所起的作用不同，连词通常分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接属于同一层次并具有同等句法功能的词、短语或句子；而从属连词用来连接不同层次，带有主从关系的词、短语或句子。 【知识归纳】 一、并列连词 并列连词 词义 例句 and 和，又，及 He is laughing and talking. but 但是，可是 (表转折) He is poor, but honest. or 或者(表选择) Would you like tea or coffee? so 因此，所以 (表结果) He was ill, so he couldn’t go to school yesterday. both…and… 两者都 Both you and she are right. not only… but also… 不但…… 而且…… Not only you but also everyone here likes watching football match. either…or… 或者…… 或者…… Either he or I am right. neither…nor… 既不…… 也不…… Neither the twins nor Li Lei has been to Shanghai. 【特例清单】 1.“祈使句+or+结果句” = “If you don’t…,you’ll…”，其中or意为“否则” 例：Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点，否则你就会迟到了! =If you hurry up, you won’t be late. 如果快点，你就不会迟到了。 =If you don’t hurry up, you will be late. 如果不快点，你就会迟到了。 2. but “但是”，用来表示转折关系，注意它不能与though,although连用 3. so “所以，因此”用来表示因果关系，注意它不能与because,since,as连用 4. for “因为”，表示原因，主要用来进行补充说明，没有因果关系 5. not only…but also,neither…nor…和either…or…连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致；both…and…连接两个主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式；而as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词同前面的主语在人称和数上要保持一致 例：Not only I but also my mother is going to the museum. 不仅我而且我的母亲也要去博物馆。 Neither you nor I am right. 你和我都不对。 Either you or he is right. 要么你对，要么他对。 Both Li Ping and her father take exercise every morning.李萍和她的父亲每天早晨都进行锻炼。 二、从属连词 分类 连词 词义 例句 表示 时间 when 当…时 The students were talking when the teacher came in. while 当…时 I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV.　　 after 在…之后 I’ll go to play football after I finish my homework. before 在…之前 Please turn off the light before you leave the room. till,until 直到…为止 I’ll wait till/until he arrives. 　　 不到… 不 She won’t get home till/until it gets dark. as soon as 一…就 I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing. since 自从… He has lived here since 1980. 表示 条件 if 如果 We’ll go for a picnic if it doesn’t rain. unless 除非，如果不 They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday. 表示 原