内容正文:
中考英语
专题 5 介词和介词短语
2021年 第二轮复习 专题复习 讲解训练
介词和
介词短语
一.介词分类
二. 常见介词短语
一.介词分类
一、介词分类(1)
In, at ,on ,between, since, for, during, until, till, by, before, past, from, after
Like, about, against, without, as, of, towards, except, along, off, besides
In, at, on, to, around, before, between, behind, beside, near, under, above, into, below, next to , among, through, across
By, with, in, on
表示时间
表示方位
其他介词
表示方式
一、介词分类(区别1)
on, in,
to
since, for from
with , in, by
表示位置,on表示两个地点相互接壤;in表示某一小地点在另一大地点内;to表示两个地点互不接壤,并有一定的距离。
Guangdong Province is on the southeast of Guangxi.
China is in the east of Asia.
Japan is to the east of China.
since指从某时一直延续到今,后接时间点,句子用完成时;for指动作延续贯穿整个过程,后接时间段,句子用完成时候;from指说明开始的里间,谓语可用过去、现在、将来的某种时态。
We haven’t seen each other for years.
From now on, I’ll exercise every day.
三者都可译为“用”,但用法不同:with表示用某种工具,所用的东西都是具体的物品;in表示用某种材料、语言等;by表示用某种手段或方法,多指使用某种交通工具。
Please write with a pencil.
Can you say it in French.
I go to school by bike.
一、介词分类(区别2)
besides,
except
across, through
below, under
二者都可译为“除……之外”。Besides表示“除……之外,还有”,含义是肯定的;except “从整体中去除一部分”,含义是否定的。
We all went besides him.
We all went except him.
across表示从物体表面通过,与on有关;through表示通过一个空间,与in有关。
The boy ran across the street.
They walked through the forest.
Below“在……下”,不一定在正下方;under“在……正下方”。
There is a dog under the desk.
Write your name below the line.
示例讲解(1)
例题
((2020 龙东[农垦 森工])---Many doctors and nurses went to Hubei in February.
---Hubei is far from Heilongjiang. It’s ______ the south of China,______ the south of Henan.
A. in; to B. on; to C. in; on
讲解
【答案】C
【解析】in表示“在……里”表示在某个范围之内;to表示“在范围之外”,不相邻;on表示接壤相邻。湖北是中国的一个省份,故第一个空填in;根据地理常识可知,湖北 与湖南接壤相邻,第二空填on.
二.常见介词短语
常见介词短语2
be+形容词+介词
be be surprised at 对……感到吃惊;
be angry with生(某人的)气;
be afraid of害怕;
be busy with忙于做……;
be good at擅长于;
be full of充满;
be excited about对……感到兴奋;
be kind to 对……和善;
be interested in 对……感兴趣; be famous for因……而著名;
be late for 迟到;
be popular with 受……欢迎;
be pleased with对……感到满意;
be proud of 对……感到骄傲