内容正文:
第三部分 语法填空和短文改错
题型一 关于冠词、代词和介词的语法填空
第4讲 冠词、代词和介词
内容索引
题型二 关于冠词、代词和介词的短文改错
——弄清设错点,用对解题技法
题型一 关于冠词、代词和介词的语法填空
考点一
冠词
1.The plum trees are first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).
(2020·全国Ⅱ)
the
解析 考查冠词。the first to do sth. 第一个做某事的……,不定式短语作后置定语。
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2.Then,with rise of science,changes began.(2020·浙江)
the
解析 考查冠词。此处特指“随着科学的进步”,需用定冠词the。with the rise of意为“随着……的崛起”,是固定短语。
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3.Of nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six are stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
the
解析 考查定冠词。此处为特指,意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”,故填the。
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4.When we got a call saying she was short-listed,we thought it was joke.
(2019·全国Ⅱ)
a
解析 考查冠词。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑”可知,此处joke为泛指,且joke的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
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5.Everybody wears same style of clothes.(2019·浙江)
the
解析 句意为:每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词,意思是“相同的”,常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。
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6.Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
the
解析 考查冠词。此处特指过去的25年,故用定冠词the。
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7.Unexpectedly,I’m face-to-face with the gorilla,who begins screaming
at top of her lungs.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
the
解析 考查冠词。at the top of one’s lungs用最响亮的声音,放声大叫,为固定搭配。
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8.As result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
a
解析 考查固定搭配中的冠词。as a result结果。
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1.定冠词the
①上文提及,独一无二,普通名词构成的专有名词前,西洋乐器前,序数词前,最高级前,用定冠词the。
②含有修饰限定词的结构中
③“the+adj.”表示一类人
the+定语+名词
the+名词+定语从句/非谓语作定语
the very/only+名词
the same
技法指导
2.泛指,表“一个”,用a/an。往往没有修饰限定词,a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词
①首字母是元音字母,但发辅音,用冠词a,如a university,a+useful/usual/unique/united/European/one-eyed/one-way+名词
②以u开头,但用an(往往是un-否定前缀),此时u的发音为元音:an+unusual/unhappy/unforgettable+名词
③首字母是辅音字母但不发音,真正的第一个音标是元音: an hour,an honor,an+honest+名词
3.固定搭配中的冠词
①定冠词the
catch/hit/take+sb. +介词+the+身体部位,in the 1990s,on the Internet,in/over/during the past days/months/years在过去的……日/月/年,