2020-2021学年高一英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 Laugh out loud! Section Ⅲ Grammar导学讲义

Section Ⅲ　Grammar (非限制性定语从句) 单句语法填空 1.(教材P2)I walk through the doors into the waiting area, where there's a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension. 2.(教材P2)In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size. 3.(教材P2)I speak with the on-duty nurse, who tells me that Lara's parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle. 4.(教材P2)Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful. 5.(教材P3)I spent much of the time when I was there feeling frightened and more than a little bored! 非限制性定语从句用来对先行词作补充说明。没有它,主句也能独立存在;非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不密切,它与先行词之间常用逗号隔开。需注意的是,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 一、非限制性定语从句的关系词 1.关系代词的选择 非限制性定语从句不能用关系代词that引导。指人时,如果关系词在从句中作主语,要用who,作宾语要用whom(此时whom不能用who替代);指物时,关系词要用which, which在从句中作主语或宾语。在非限制性定语从句中,即使关系词在从句中作宾语也不能省略。whose引导非限制性定语从句时,指人或物,在从句中作定语。 Peter,whom you met in London,is going to Paris next week.你在伦敦见过的那个彼得,下周将要去巴黎。 Many young people, most of whom were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想,他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。 The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny,are prizes for us.桌上那些封面闪亮的书是为我们准备的奖品。 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. 这个便条是汤姆留下的,刚才他还在这里。 名师点津 which引导非限制性定语从句时,可以指代整个主句的内容。 Laura couldn't come to our party, which was a pity. 劳拉不能来参加我们的聚会,这真遗憾。(which指代的是“劳拉不能来参加我们的聚会”这件事) Tom studies hard and is ready to help others, which is what his parents expect. 汤姆学习努力且乐于助人,这正是他父母所期望的。(which指代的是“汤姆学习努力且乐于助人”这件事) 2.关系副词的选择 在非限制性定语从句中,关系副词(when、where)的选择方法和在限制性定语从句中的一样, 即关系词在从句中作时间状语时用when,作地点状语时用where。 The story in the book happened in Canada, where Doctor Bethune was born. 书中的故事发生在加拿大,白求恩大夫就是在那里出生的。 I left on Sunday, when everyone was at home. 我星期日离开了,那天所有人都在家。 二、限制性/非限制性定语从句的区别 区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式上 不用逗号与主句隔开。 Do you still remember the man who taught us English?你还记得教我们英语的那个人吗? 用逗号与主句隔开。 I've been to London, which is a beautiful city.我去过伦敦,那是一个美丽的城市。 意义