8B Unit3 Grammar 知识点练习-2020-2021学年八年级英语牛津深圳版（广州沈阳通用）下册

★ 思维导图 ★语法：被动语态 一、概念 1. 主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者 They speak English. 2. 被动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者 English is spoken by them. 二、被动语态色结构与用法 1. 结构：be + done （过去分词） 2.各种时态的被动语态 一般现在时:am/is/are+动词过去分词 Cars are made by them. 一般过去时:was/were+动词过去分词 The MP3 was bought by my father. 一般将来时:will/shall/be going to be+动词过去分词? The bridge will be completed in ten days.? 现在完成时:have/has been+动词过去分词 The meeting has been put off. 含有情态动词的被动语态： “情态动词+be+过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。we can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days. We must finish this work soon. →This work must be done soon. We have to clean the classroom. → The classroom has to be cleaned by us. 三、主动语态改被动语态的方法： 1. 把主动语态的宾语改成主语 2.动词改成被动语态形式be +done （同时注意时态） 3. 把主动语态的主语放在介词by后面，也可以省略。 The man killed a tiger.---- A tiger was killed by the man. 四、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题. (1)时态保持一致。 I have repaired my computer. My computer has been repaired. (2)如果要说出动作的执行者，并且这个执行者可以作主动语态中主语时，就用by短语，如果后面的词表示地点，不是动作的