内容正文:
Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.
单元语法精讲与精练(Grammar Focus)
金榜行动
英语 八年级 下册•R
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单元语法精讲
Ⅰ.动词不定式
不定式定义:由to+动词原形构成。动词不定式在句中可以作除谓语之外的任何句子成分,它可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。动词不定式可以作以上各种成分,但它毕竟是动词,所以有动词的属性。
动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的宾语、状语。
1.动词不定式的否定形式由“not+动词不定式”构成。
2.动词不定式可以和what,which,how,where,when等连用。
3.不带to的情况:
有一些动词用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带 to。这种动词有两类:一类是感官动词,如see,hear,watch,feel,notice等;另一类是使役动词,如let,have,make等。
Ⅱ.动词短语
英语中有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语,表达一个概念,其作用与一个单独的动词差不多,这种形
式的组合,我们称为动词短语或短语动词。
动词短语的构成:
1.“动词+副词”,这种结构在英语中使用十分广泛,如果后面接代词作宾语时,只能放在动词和副词之间;如果接名词,可以放在动词和副词之间,也可以放在他们的后面。常见的有: fix up,look up,make up,pick up,take up,clean up,cheer up,等等。
2.“动词+介词”,其后可以跟名词、代词、动名词等。常见的有:look after,take after,care for,look for,look at等。
3.“动词+副词+介词”,常见的有:put up with,do away with,look forward to等。
4.“动词+名词+介词”,常见的有:take care of,pay attention to,have a look at等。
5.“be+形容词+介词”,常见的有:be used to,be angry with,be strict with,be good at,be afraid of,be ready to等。
A
D
单元语法精练
Ⅰ.单项选择。
( )1.Kate,remember for the sick to cheer them up.
A.to sing
B. not to sing
C.singing
( )2.—I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation.What about you?—I haven't decided where .
A.go
B. went
C.going
D. to go
A
D
B
( )3.Could you give me a hand ?I want to the map on the wall.
A.put up
B. look up
C.open up
D. turn up
( )4.The teacher asked us so much noise.
A.don't make
B. not make
C.not making
D. not to make
( )5.(泰安中考)When you leave,please turn off the lights energy.
A.save
B. to save
C.saving
D. saved
A
C
C
( )6.(资阳中考)We stopped ,but there was not any sound.
A.to listen
B. listens
C.listen
D. listening
( )7.This weekend our class will go to a mountain near our city trees.
A.plant
B. planted
C.to plant
D. planting
( )8.Mary called and asked her husband home at once,because she locked their daughter in the home.
A.to leave
B. leave
C.to go
D. go
to see
to relax
not to play
to tell
to go
drive
Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
9.I hope (see) my father.
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