Unit 2-3 Discovering Useful Structure -【上好英语课】2020-2021学年高一下学期同步备课系列(人教版2019必修第三册) （备课时）

动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语 【归纳】 ★动词-ing形式可作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果或伴随情况等，其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致，动词-ing形式所表示的动作与主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。如： Hearing the news, we all jumped with joy. Working hard, you'll certainly make your dream come true. Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note. Weighing almost one hundred kilos, the stone was moved by the boy alone. Her husband died in 1960, leaving her with five children. The little girl was lying in bed crying. ★动词-ing形式的一般式所表示的动作常与谓语动作同时发生，其完成式（having done）所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。如： Following Tom, we started to climb. Having found a hotel, we began to look for a restaurant. ★动词-ing形式的否定形式常在其前面加not。如： Not knowing her address, we couldn't get in touch with her. Not having got an answer, I decided to write him another letter. ★动词-ing形式作状语，其前往往可以加when, while, if, unless, once, though, as if等连词，构成“连词+动词-ing形式”结构。如： John hurt his leg while playing football. The man turned round from time to time as if searching for someone. 【拓展】 动词-ing形式可以有其独立的逻辑主语，二者构成独立主格结构。如： The day