内容正文:
形容词和副词误用
常考易错点:
1)本该用形容词时却用了副词;
2)本该用副词却用了形容词。
形容词变副词
一般规则:形容词变副词通常是加ly,其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀:
一般直接加,“元e”去e加,“辅y”改i加,“le”结尾e改y。
分别举例如下:quick — quickly;true — truly;happy — happily;possible — possibly。
具体规则如下:
1.一般情况下直接加“ly”,如:quick — quickly;polite — politely;sad — sadly;immediate — immediately;recent — recently。
2.少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加-ly。如:true — truly;due — duly绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly。如:polite — politely;wide — widely;wise — wisely;nice
— nicely。
3.以“y”结尾的,且读音为/i/,先将“y”改成“i”,再加“ly”,如:happy — happily;heavy — heavily;angry — angrily;busy — busily;但是如果读音为/ai/,直接加ly,如:dry — dryly;sly — slyly;shy — shyly。
4.以ic结尾的词,加ally,如:economic — economically;basic — basically;scientific — scientifically;automatic — automatically;energetic — energetically;但是public — publicly例外。
5.以辅音字母加le结尾时,去e加y,如:simple — simply;considerable — considerably;terrible — terribly;gentle — gently;possible — possibly;probable — probably;incredible — incredibly。元音字母加le时加ly,如:sole — solely。但是whole — wholly例外。
6.以-ll结尾时,只需加-y,如:dull — dully;shrill — shrilly。需注意:有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如:friendly people;motherly care;lovely dog;monthly exam;heavenly peace。
形容词和副词比较级的构成
①单音节词和少数双音节词比较级规则变化:
规则
原级
比较级
在词尾后直接加-er/est
tall
taller
词尾是e,只加-r/st
nice
nicer
以辅音字母加y结尾的,把y变i再加-er/est
happy
happier
重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加-er/est
thin
thinner
②其他双音节词或多音节词,在该词前面加-more:
Beautiful — more beautiful;difficult — more difficult
③不规则变化:
good/well
better
best
bad/badly
worse
worst
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
1.(2020·全国I卷)Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.
2.(2020·全国II卷)I’m surely you’ll have a good time.
3.(2020·全国II卷)See you sooner.
4.(2019·全国I卷)I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.
5.(2019·全国I卷)I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.
6.(2019·全国II卷)First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly
7.(2019·全国II卷)I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much.