高考英语二轮复习-《构词法》专题考点汇总&专项训练（含答案）

《构词法》专题考点汇总&专项训练 【考情分析】 **改错 1.形容词和副词的错用； 2．形容词和名词的错用； 3．­ed与­ing形容词的错用。 示例： 1.It was a relief and I came to a suddenly→sudden stop just in the middle of the road. 2．In their spare time，they are interesting→interested in planting vegetables in their garden，which is on the rooftop of their house. **语法填空 1．给出形容词提示词，填写副词或名词； 2．给出动词，填写名词或形容词； 3．给出名词，填写形容词。 示例： 1.However，be careful(care) not to go to extremes. 2.Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly(fair) unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise. 【语法剖析】 **考点一~表示否定/相反意义的前/后缀 前/后缀 例词 前缀 dis­ agree →disagree不同意 advantage →disadvantage缺点 appear →disappear消失 comfort →discomfort不舒适的 honest →dishonest不诚实的 il­ legal →illegal不合法的 logical →illogical不合逻辑的 im­ polite →impolite无礼的 patient →impatient不耐烦的 moral →immoral不道德的 in­ formal →informal非正式的 convenient →inconvenient不方便的 direct →indirect不直接的 ir­ regular →irregular不规则的 responsible →irresponsible 不负责任的 mis­ lead →mislead误导 understand →misunderstand误解 un­ usual →unusual不寻常的 willing →unwilling不愿意的 happy →unhappy不高兴的 known →unknown不出名的 后缀 ­less hope →hopeless绝望的 end →endless没完没了的 care →careless粗心的 help →helpless无助的 use →useless无用的 示例： Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．As they couldn't play outdoors，they were unhappy (happy)，and some even got into fights from time to time. 2．People on welfare are wrongly seen as lazy or dishonest(honest)． 3．Informal(formal) clothes are suitable for wearing at home or in ordinary situations. Ⅱ.单句改错 I know as an excellent guide I should make your journey interesting and meaningless. meaningless→meaningful **考点二~变动词的前/后缀 前/后缀 例词 前缀 en­ able →enable使能够 large →enlarge扩大 rich →enrich使充实；使丰富 danger →endanger危及 courage →encourage鼓励 后缀 ­en broad →broaden使变宽 ripe →ripen使成熟 sharp →sharpen使尖锐 wide →widen加宽 short →shorten变短 deep →deepen加深 dark →darken使变暗 hard →harden使变硬 ­ify class →classify把……分类 just →justify证明……正确 simple →simplify简化 beauty →beautify美化 ­ize apology →apologize道歉 emphasi