UNIT 1 Section Ⅲ-2020-2021新教材高一英语必修第一册【创新设计】同步学考笔记（人教版）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures——短语(1) ①Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. ②The first week was a little confusing. ③First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I want to take. ④My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it. ⑤The main purpose of the course is to help improve each student’s reading ability. ⑥Finding time for both studies and extra－curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable schedule. 【自主发现】 1．①句中名词短语a really big challenge在句中作表语； 2．②句中形容词短语a little confusing在句中作表语； 3．③句中副词短语very carefully在句中作状语； 4．④句中名词短语advanced literature在句中作宾语； 5．⑤句中名词短语The main purpose of the course在句中作主语。 6．⑥句中名词短语a workable schedule在句中作宾语。 [来源:学+科+网] 一、名词短语(Noun Phrase或NP) 英语中，短语有很多种类型，其中名词短语最为重要，它是英语造句中不可或缺的元素。 1．名词短语的定义：名词与它的修饰语一起构成的短语。 2．名词短语的句法功能 (1)名词短语在句中充当主语。 These red roses are for you. 这些红玫瑰是送给你的。 (2)名词短语在句中充当宾语。 I have three close friends.我有三个要好的朋友。 (3)名词短语在句中充当表语。 He is my best friend. 他是我最好的朋友。 (4)名词短语在句中充当宾语补足语。 We consider him a good teacher. 我们认为他是一位好老师。 　指出下列句子中加黑名词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。 ①These ideas may seem strange to you.作主语 ②We love our great motherland very much.作宾语 ③The man wearing a black coat is our teacher.作表语 ④Those beautiful flowers come from Yunnan.作主语 ⑤We made him capital of our team.作宾补 ⑥He got three gold medals at the 23rd Olympic Games.作宾语 ⑦The tall building was built last year.作主语 [名师点津]　 (1)名词短语在句中作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。 (2)名词短语由“(限定词)＋(数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)＋名词＋(介词短语)”组成。 (3)限定词包括冠词(a，an，the)、指示代词(this，that，these，those等)、形容词性物主代词(my，your，his，her，our，their，its等)和不定代词(some，no，neither，both等)。 二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase或AdjP) 1．形容词短语的定义：是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。 2．形容词短语的组成 (1)两个或多个形容词由and, but等连接构成形容词短语。 Your room is large and beautiful.你的房间大且美丽。 (2)very等程度副词作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。 It is very hot today.今天很热。 (3)介词及其宾语可用在形容词后修饰形容词，可与形容词构成形容词短语。 I am sure of success.我确信会成功的。 (4)不定式在形容词后作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。 H