Chapter 8-备战2021高考英语阅读理解之七选五专练

Chapter 8 No.1 (2020. 重庆市高考预测性考试)The factors that cause youth unemployment often differ among regions and labor systems. ____1____ Since firing full-time workers is so complicated and expensive, employers are unwilling to take on new staff, while people who are already employed, mainly older workers, often keep their jobs for life. In developing countries with high birthrates and very young populations, like the Philippines, growth isn’t strong enough to absorb the wave of youngsters entering the workforce each year. ___2___ Young people entering the workforce are often the most vulnerable（易受伤害的）in economic downturns — new employees are often the first to get sacked, while college graduates find few employers willing to hire. ___3___ In Spain, Italy and Japan, for instance, companies looking to gain flexibility in regulated labor markets often offer new, young staffers only short-term contracts. These contracts, which sometimes last for only a few days, usually come with low salaries and few benefits. Since such staff is temporary, employers have little intention to invest in training. Facing such obstacles, young people everywhere are finding that traditional route to success — education — isn’t paying off as much as in the past. ____4___ They will often be offered low-skilled jobs from waiters to supermarket clerks. A March report form the UK’s Office for National Statistics showed that the share of recent college graduates in Britain working in lower-skilled jobs rose to nearly 35% in 2011 form less than 27% a decade earlier. ____5___ Typical is Cairo’s Ahmed Said. He graduated from college with a business degree, and after performing the obligatory（义务的）year of military service, he applied for jobs in accounting and data entry. But Said, 24, had no luck, and today he works as a waiter at a cafe near Tahrir Square. “This was my last choice,” he says, “and this is the job that I got.” A. Young graduates often find themselves competing with more-experienced worker