上海市牛津上海版英语一轮复习基本句型 学案

第13 章 基本句型 Ⅰ. 句子的种类 i. 句子按用途和目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句 1. 陈述句：用来叙述一件事情或说明一个事实，包括肯定和否定形式；陈述句句末用句号，句末用降调。 2. 疑问句：用来提出疑问，句末用句号。根据提问的形式，疑问句又可分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。 1）一般疑问句：通常可用yes或no回答问题的问句，句末用升调。 2）特殊疑问句：就句子中某一部分进行提问的问句。特殊疑问句以疑问代词或疑问副词开头，句末用降调。 3）选择疑问句：提供对方两种或两种以上情况，要求选择其中之一来回答的问句。选择疑问句or前面半句用升调，句末用降调。 4）反意疑问句：对陈述句所讲的情况提出相反疑问的问句。反意疑问句由两部分组成，前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是省略的问句（tag-question）。如前一部分用肯定是，后一部分则用否定式；如前一部分用否定式，后一部分则用肯定式。如前半句中有never, seldom和hardly等含否定意义的副词时，tag-question一般用肯定形式。在表示对所问的情况把握不大时句末用升调，如把握较大时句末可用降调。 3. 祈使句：用来表示请求、命令或劝告等。它的主语you通常省略。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，句末用降调。 4. 感叹句：用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情。感叹句一般有①“What+名词短语+陈述句”和②“How+形容词/副词+陈述句”两种形式，也有③“How+陈述句”的形式。感叹句句末用感叹号，句末用降调。 Eg. 1. The town government set up a new modern hospital for farmers,__________? A. does it B. doesn’t it C. did it D. didn’t it 2. __________ does a flying saucer look like? A. How B. What C. Which D. Who 3. My brother never gets up early on Sunday mornings, __________? A. does he B. doesn’t he C. can he D. isn’t he 4. __________ surprising news they have got! A. What B. What a C. How D. What piece of 5. There is nothing important in today’s newspaper,__________? A. isn’t there B. is there C. isn’t it D. is it 6. __________ interesting it is to chat with you on the Internet every day! A. What an B. How an C. What D. How 7. They hardly have time to listen to music,__________? A. do they B. have they C. don’t they D. haven’t they 8. __________ is it from here to the nearest post office? A. How fast B. How many C. How far D. How long 9. __________enjoyable trip the Spring Outing was! A. What B. What a C. What an D. How 10. - __________will the next light rail train come? - In ten minutes. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How soon 按要求改写句子，每空限填一词。 1. David stayed at home all day last Saturday.(改为反意疑问句） David stayed at home all day last Saturday,__________ __________? 2. My mother doesn’t like hamburgers.(改为反意疑问句） My mother doesn’t like hamburgers,__________ __________ ? 3. Th