第10讲 句子（讲义）-小升初英语复习教师免备课（全国版）

第10讲 句式 1. 在近几年全国各地的小升初考试中，对句式的考查比重越来越大，这个趋势值得重视，基本是以单选题和按照要求改写句子形式出现。 2. 有关句式的考点主要是一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、there be句型、感叹句、反义疑问句、和祈使句的基本用法等。 3. 对句式考察逐步加大的趋势，其实也是命题人侧重对考生英语实际应用能力的考查。 1. 句式学习在小学阶段的分布图： 2.在小升初考试中 2. 小升初考试中将要对句式知识进行综合考查，本讲专题将对句式知识进行串讲。 你会用how many句型提问并回答图片中有多少草莓吗？ 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句 一般疑问句[来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K] 1. 定义：一般疑问句是询问某件事情是否属实的句子。 2. 句子的特征：be动词，助动词或情态动词在句首，而回答往往是“Yes”或“No”，句末一般读作升调。 3. 如何将陈述句变成一般疑问句？ ①如句中有以下三类动词，将其提到句首，句末打上问号即可。 I be动词（am、is、 are、 was、 were） II 助动词（do、does、did、 have、 had） III 情态动词（can、must、will、may等） 例：It was rainy yesterday. → Was it rainy yesterday? I have finished my homework. → Have you finished your homework? I can play the guitar. → Can you play the guitar? 例题：将下列陈述句变为一般疑问句 1. Tom's father can play the piano. 2. She was a teacher last year. 答案：Can Tom's father play the piano? Was she a teacher last year? ②如果句中没有be动词、助动词或情态动词，则根据谓语动词的形式借 助do的相应形式放在句首。具体方法是： I 如果谓语动词是原形，则借do； II如果谓语动词是一般现在时第三人称单数形式，则借does； III如果谓语动词是过去式，则借did。 IV需要注意的是，借does或did后，原句的谓语动词要变回原形。 例：Bill gets up at 6:30 every day. → Does Bill get up at 6:30 every day? The students saw a film yesterday. → Did the students see a film yesterday? 例题：将下列陈述句变为一般疑问句 They go to school by bike. He went shopping with his mother yesterday. 答案：Do they go to school by bike? Did he go shopping with his mother yesterday? ③陈述句变一般疑问句应注意的事项 I如果陈述句中有第一人称，则变问句时最好要变为第二人称。 例：I usually have lunch at school. → Do you usually have lunch at school? My father is playing soccer. → Is your father playing soccer? II如果陈述句中有some, 则变问句时往往要变成any 。 例：There are some books on the table. → Are there any books on the table? 例题：将下列陈述句变为一般疑问句 1. There is some water on the playground. 2. I often go to school by bike. 答案：Is there any water on the playground? Do you often go to school by bike? 4. 一般疑问句的回答 一般疑问句往往采用简短回答，共由三部分（三个单词）组成： ①第一个词：不是Yes就是No。 注意：有时根据语气的不同，Yes可由Sure, Certainly, Of course等代替。No可由sorry 代替。 例：Are you a student? Yes, I am. Is he a doctor? No, he isn′t. 例题：对下列一般疑问句进行肯定和否定回答