内容正文:
2021届初中英语中考语法复习重难点微专题(16)动词时态题的三个解题技巧
在英语学习中,动词的时态和语态一直都是中考和高考的考查热点,更是初高中英语语法学习的重点。很多同学常常会被时态语态搞的晕头转向,下面就给大家说说有关时态题的解题方法。
一、标志词
在学习时态的时候,我们都知道每一种时态都有与其搭配的时间状语,因此,我们在解题的时候首先寻找题干中的状语标志词,根据时间状语确定时态。下面是八种基本时态常用的时间状语,供同学们参考:
一般现在时 :always. often, usually, every day, sometimes, once a week....
一般过去时:yesterday morning. l.ast year, two days ago, in 2009...
一般将来时:tomorrow, next week, in 5 years...
现在进行时:now, at present. at the moment, always...
过去进行时:at this time yesterday..
过去将来时:that afternoon, the next morning, a few days later, the following wee...
现在完成时:since last year, for a month, already, yet, ever, never, several times, just, lately, recently, before, during / over the last ten years..
过去完成时:by the end of last term, till 2016....
二、时态呼应
观察试题我们会发现,很多试题都是从“时态呼应”角度来命题的,因此,同学们就可以从这个角度入手来解题。这种呼应原则主要有两点:
1、时间状语从句以及条件状语从句的主从句时态要呼应:在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示一般将来时,一般过去时表示过去将来时。
2、宾语从句中谓语动词的时态要和主句谓语动词时态相呼应:如果主句谓语动词是现在或将来时态,从句动词可用所需要的任何时态;如果主句动词为过去式,那么从句动词需要用过去时态的相应形式。我们来看几个例题:
1. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he_____from the university next year.
A. will graduate B. will have graduated
C. graduates D. is to graduate
2. The water will be further polluted unless some measures()
A. will be taken B. are taken
C. were taken D. had been taken
3. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he__office soon.
A. leaves
B. would leave
C. left
D. had left
第1题正确答案是c,by the time意思是“到……时” 它引导时间状语从句。
第2题正确答案是b,主句用了一般将来时,unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
第3题正确答案是b,定语从句中的谓语动词leave表示动作发生在主句谓语动词made动作之后,所以用过去将来时。
三、语境分析
无论是在中考还是高考的试题当中,时态题常常被放在一个语境中或者是小对话中来考查,有的时候,题目中没有明确的时间段,这个时候同学们该怎么办呢?其实,同学们认真读题就会发现,不是没有时间状语,而是要通过语境分析,来捕捉题干当中对动作发生时间所的暗含信息。我们可以把语境里面比较完整的句子当中的动词或者另一个相关动词所发生的时间作为参照时间,再把选项中的动词与它作比较,看看它所表示的动作是发生在参照时间之前还是之后,还是正在进行,从而来确定选用什么时态。看下面三道例题:1. Rainforests ()and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut
B. are cut
C. are being cut
D. had been cut
2. - -What's wrong with your coat?
一-Just now when 1 wanted to ge