微技能 猜测词义技巧（四）：根据常识猜测词义-初中同步九年级英语阅读写作技能训练

阅读进阶 Graded Reading 通过上一期的学习，想必同学们已经掌握了根据“构词法”猜测词义的技巧。本期，我们将研究根据“常识”来猜测词义。 猜测词义技巧（四）：根据常识猜测词义 很多时候，我们会发现根据有些划线词的上下文并不能为我们提供猜测该词词义的全部信息。这时，我们就得在结合上下文内容的前提下，根据常识来判断词义了，而这种情况并不少见。下面，我们就来体会如何根据常识来猜测词义。 阅读下面几篇小短文，并完成短文后的小题。 Passage 1 In the daytime, for about six hours, the water rises higher and higher on the beach. And then it goes down for about six hours. The same thing happens again at night. There are two high tides and two low tides every 24 hours.[来源:学。科。网] The underlined word “tides” probably means “________” in Chinese. A. 洋流 B. 潮汐 C. 海啸 D. 波浪 答案：B。 解析：根据常识，潮水每天有规律地白天上涨六个小时，然后下降六个小时，晚上重复上述动作的现象叫做“潮汐”，故B为正确答案。 Passage 2 In old days, there were a lot of customs about marriage. For example, when a girl from rich family was married to her husband, she expected to bring with herself a large quantity of dowry. What does the underlined word “dowry” most probably mean in Chinese? A. 炊具. B. 房子. C. 嫁妆. D. 聘礼. 答案：C。 解析：根据常识，在旧社会，有钱人家的姑娘出嫁是要带很多“嫁妆”的，因此C为正确答案。 Passage 3 Our earth is very old. It holds many secrets about life in the past. Archaeologists dig in the ground and bring out these secrets. They discover the objects with thousands of years old and tell us about how people lived long ago. What does the underlined word “Archaeologists” most probably mean in Chinese? A. 生物学家. B. 考古学家. C. 化学家. D. 物理学家.[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K] 答案：B。 解析：根据常识，发现数千年前的东西并能告诉我们数千年前人们的生活的人是“考古学家”，故B为正确答案。 【总结与归纳】 根据常识猜测词义是一种很常用的猜测词义的方法。运用这种方法的前提是具备一定的常识并能读懂划线词前后的语句的含义。这就要求我们在日常生活中积累各类知识，增长自己的见识。 需要注意的是，根据常识猜测词义并不是要求我们完全抛开文章的内容或凭借自己的臆断来猜测词义，而是要求我们在理解文意的前提下，根据语境再结合常识来猜测词义。 小练习 仔细阅读下列句子，并根据常识猜测其中划线词的汉语意思。[来源:Zxxk.Com] 1. The mayor made an address to the citizens at the meeting yesterday. A. 演说 B. 地址 C. 责难 D. 辞职 2. Due to the poor eye-sight, the old man put on his spectacles and began to read newspapers. A. 毛衣 B. 眼罩 C. 外套 D. 眼镜 3. Some artists plan their paintings around geometric forms like squares, triangles（三角形）and circles. A. 方向 B. 目标 C. 几何图形 D. 抽象概念 写作进阶 Graded Writi