内容正文:
写作进阶 Graded Writing
在前两期,我们学习了英语的词类和动词的基本句型,同学们都掌握了吗?其实,要写好一个英语简单句,我们不仅要理解动词的词性,还要掌握动词的词义。在这一期,我们将学习一些常用动词的词义及基本用法。
常用动词的词义及基本用法
学习常用动词的词义,不是要求同学们去背单词,而是去掌握词汇的用法。学习与研究常用动词的用法,是英语造句的核心
学习动词的基本用法,唯一有效的方式是通过阅读和词典来理解它们的基本和常见的用法。作为初三的学生,要有效利用英语词典来学习一些常见动词的用法。
下面我们通过两个例子来告诉你如何通过词典来学习常用动词的基本用法。[来源:Z|xx|k.Com]
1. enjoy vt.[来源:Zxxk.Com]
1) to get pleasure from something:
I enjoyed every minute of it.
Young children enjoy helping around the house.
2) Formal to have a particular ability or advantage:
These workers enjoy a high level of job security.
3) Spoken used to say that you hope someone gets pleasure from something you give them:
Here’s your steak-enjoy!
从词典的释义中,我们知道enjoy通常作为及物动词有3种常用词义,即“享受;享有;欣赏”。基本用法为:enjoy sth.或enjoy doing sth.
2. help vt./vi.[来源:学*科*网]
1) to make it possible or easier for someone to do something by doing part of their work or by giving them something they need:
If there is anything I can do to help, just give me a call.
She helped him choose some new clothes.
They were coming to help clean the machines.
Can I help you with the washing up?
2) To make a situation better, easier, or less painful:
Crying won’t help.
It helps my concentration if I listen to music while I’m working.
Eight hours of deep sleep helped enormously.
从上述释义我们可看出help可以作及物和不及物动词,有“帮助;促进;补救”等词义。基本用法可以归纳为:help sth./ help (to)do sth. /help sb. with sth.
现在同学们会尝试着用英语词典来学习词汇的意义了吗?通过词典,我们可以学习到单词的拼写、词性以及词义,最重要的是,我们可以通过词典上的例句来归纳词汇的基本用法。掌握了词汇的基本用法,无论是在造句以及写作上,我们都是受益匪浅的。
仔细研究一下这些词的英语解释和例句,我们就能体会学习词义的好处了。另外,用英语词典还可以作同义词的辨析。只要查到了两个同义词的词条,就很容易发现他们用法的不同。比如cost和spend在翻译成中文时都有花费的意思,但从英语词典的词条中,就很容易看出不同。
小练习
请用你手上的英语词典或是通过在线的英语免费词典研究下面这些动词的常见用法。并且给出每个用法的例句。
stop [来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。K][来源:Z_xx_k.Com]
prefer
like
join
find
learn
look/taste /feel/smell/sound
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