内容正文:
2020届初三英语中考考前语法复习讲义(四)
形容词与副词之副词知识点最全整理
五、副词的定义及基本概念
定义:副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词以及其他副词,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。
分类:
时间副词:
表示时间(常见的表示时间或其他时间关系的副词或词组有):now, then, yesterday, last night, today, tomorrow, tonight, before, just now, later(on), so far等。
频度副词:always, often, usually, once, twice a week.
地点副词:
(1)表示地点的副词:here, there, home, abroad, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, somewhere.
(2)表示位置关系的副词,常见的有:above, below, down, up, out, in, across, back, along, over, round, away, near, off, on, inside, outside, past.
方式副词:carefully, slowly, bravely, politely, badly, fast, again.
程度副词:much, a little, a bit, very, so.
疑问副词:how, where, how, often, why.
连接副词:therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, still.
焦点副词:only, even, alone, just, especially.
其它副词:no, certainly, surely, sure, really.
副词的功能:
作状语(时间、地点、程度)
1.修饰动词:
He gets up early.(early作时间状语)他起床早。
We work here.(here作地点状语)我们在这里工作。
2.修饰形容词:
You are quite right.你非常对。
3.修饰其他副词:
Don’t ride too fast.别骑得太快。
作定语
The students here all knew it.这里的学生们都知道它。
作表语
Your answer is quiet right.(quiet表程度)你的答案非常正确。
作宾语补足语
Let them in.让他们进来。
副词的构成、位置及顺序:
副词的构成:
构成例词与形容词同形early早(期)地;hard努力地;late迟,晚;high高高地daily日常地;fast迅速地;near接近;straight直接地形容词后直接加lyquick→quickly迅速地;slow→slowly缓慢地;careful→________细心地;beautiful→___________漂亮地以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词,把y改为i,再加lylucky→luckily幸运地;easy→easily容易地;happy→________快乐地;busy→________繁忙地某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-lytrue→truly真实地;terrible-terribly糟糕地;gentle-_______绅士地;possible→________可能地其他形式的副词often经常;too太;very非常;again又,再一次
friendly; motherly; lovely; weekly; lively等词是形容词而非副词。
位置及顺序
地点副词、时间副词、和方式副词常用在句末。在句末一般顺序为:方式副词→地点副词→时间副词。I've seen him somewhere before.我以前在哪儿见他。John drove his car fast on his way yesterday afternoon.昨天下午,约翰在路上把小汽车开得很快。频度副词(always, often, never等)常放在实义动词之前,be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。We must always keep our teeth clean.我们必须始终保持牙齿清洁。修饰整个句子的副词常常位于句首。Fortunately, the rain stopped before we started.幸运的是,在我们动身前雨停了。Honestly, I know nothing about this project.说实话,我对这个项目一无所知。副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的前面。These