2021届高考北师大版英语一轮复习语法课件 专题八 定语从句和名词性从句 (共84张PPT)

一　定语从句 [高考感悟] A组　单句语法填空 1．[2019·北京卷] The students benefitting most from college are those ________ are totally engaged (参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources (资源)． 答案与解析：who　考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为those，指大学生们，故用who引导定语从句， who在从句中作主语。 2．[2019·全国卷Ⅱ] Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ________ she opened with her late husband Les. 答案与解析：which　考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，the pet shop是先行词，定语从句中缺少opened的宾语，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。 3．[2019·全国卷Ⅲ] They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals. 答案与解析：who　考查定语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰指人的先行词their masters，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词who。 4．[2018·天津卷]Kate, ________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone to work in Australia. 答案与解析：whose　句意为：凯特去澳大利亚工作了。上大学期间我和她妹妹住同一房间。本题考查定语从句。先行词为Kate，将先行词代入定语从句后为：I shared a room with Kate's sister when we were at college.由此可见，关系词在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人，故填关系代词whose。 5．[2018·全国卷Ⅱ] Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. 答案与解析：that/which　此处用that/which引导定语从句修饰先行词study。 6．[2018·全国卷Ⅲ]The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government started a soil­testing program ________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 答案与解析：that/which　根据语境“... gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers”修饰 “a soil­testing program”，先行词表示物，关系代词作定语从句的主语，用that或者which。 7．[2018·北京卷]She and her family bicycle to work, ________ helps them keep fit. 答案与解析：which　句意为：她和家人都骑自行车上班，这有助于他们保持健康。本题考查定语从句。根据题干可知，从句修饰的是前面的整句话，“她和家人骑自行车上班”这件事充当了定语从句中的主语成分，且此定语从句前出现逗号，是非限制性定语从句，所以用which引导。 B组　单句改错 1．[2019·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错]One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. ________ 答案与解析：where→when　one afternoon是表示时间的名词