2020届高考英语二轮复习专项语法课件：状语从句 (2份打包)

状语从句 二轮复习 考点一 时间状语从句 1．when，while和as (1)when既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作，如： When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. 我住在那里时，星期天常到海滨去。 When the film ended, the people went back. 电影一结束，看电影的人便回去了。 当when引出的时间状语从句为系表结构，而且其主语和主句的主语一致，其表语又是一个名词时，就可以用以as引出的省略句，来代替when引出的从句。 例如：As a young man(＝When he was a young man), he was fond of hunting. 他年轻时，喜欢打猎。 (2)while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比，如： Please don't talk so loud while others are working. 别人在工作时，别高声谈话。 While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place. 正当我对此不解时，我们校长就座了。 (3)as引导一个持续性动作，多用于主句和从句动作同时发生，如： He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 他匆匆忙忙跑回去，一边走一边回头看。 (4)when还可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and this/that time常用于下列句式： Somebody was doing something when... Somebody was about to/going to do something when... Somebody had just done something when... 如：We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会，这时有人破门而入。 此外还表示原因“既然”，如： It was foolish of you to take a text when you could easily walk there in five minutes. 既然你能够五分钟内轻易地步行去那儿，你乘出租车去真是太愚蠢了。 (5)while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。 He likes pop music, while I am food of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。 (6)如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when与while可互换使用。如： When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine. 我沿着街道走的时候，遇到了一位老朋友。 2．as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute, no sooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when... once(一……且……就……) 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”，从句中用一般时态代替将来时态，如： Once you remember it, you'll never forget it. 一旦你记住了它，将永远不会忘记。 The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming. 我一听到声音，就知道父亲来了。 No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 我们一到车站，火车就走了。 注意：no sooner...than；hardly/scarcely...when...这一结构的时态搭配：no sooner与hardly/scarcely引导的主句谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when的从句中谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装程序。如： I had hardly got home when it began to rain. ＝Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. 我一到家，就开始下雨了。 3．till, until