2020届高考英语二轮复习专项语法课件定语从句讲解（共20张）+练习 课件（共14张）

二轮复习 定语从句 区分关系代词与关系副词 关系代词有who, whom, which, that和whose,另外,as也可以充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有when, where和why等，在定语从句中充当状语。 1.who指人,可在定语从句中做主语或宾语。 Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths. 幸福和成功经常青睐那些善于认识自己长处的人。 2.whom指人,可在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。 Do you know the boy(whom) we met? 你认识我们碰到的那个男孩吗? 3.which 指物,可在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。 The exact year(which/that) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 安杰拉和她的家人在中国共同度过的确切年份是2008年。 4.that 指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which。可在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。 She is the pop star(that/who/whom) I want to see very much. 她就是那位我非常想见的明星。 Among the many dangers(which/that) sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog. 在船员们要面对的许多危险中,最严重的可能就是大雾。 5.whose可指人或物,修饰名词或代词,可在定语从句中充当定语。“whose+名词”可改为“the+名词+of which/whom”或“of which/whom the+名词”。 The books on the desk,whose covers are shiny,are prizes for us. 桌子上的这些书是给我们的奖品,它们的封面很亮。 6.as既可指人也可指物,可在定语从句中做主语、宾语或表语。 (1)引导限制性定语从句,先行词前常有as, the same, so, such修饰,且在从句中做主语、宾语或表语时,关系代词要用as。 It was so difficult a problem as nobody in my class could work out.(as做work out的宾语) 这个问题很难,以至于我们班里没有人能解出来。 注意在so/such...that结构中,that引导结果状语从句,只起连接作用,不充当从句的任何成分。 It was so difficult a problem that nobody in my class could work it out.(work out 已经有宾语,that只起连接作用) (2)as可以引导非限制性定语从句,代指整个主句的内容,从句中常用的谓语动词为see, say, hear, expect, know, report等,常译为“正如,正像”,其引导的从句可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。 The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 正如所报道的,吸烟者的数量在仅仅一年中下降了百分之十七。 7.when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语。其先行词是表示时间的名词time, day, week, year, month等,常用on which, in which, at which, during which等代替。 I am looking forward to the day when/on which my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. 我一直期盼有一天,我的女儿能够读懂这本书并且知道我对她的情感。 8.where 指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语。其先行词是表示地点的名词,可以用“介词+关系代词”代替。 The house where/in which he lives is near the river. 他住的房子在河边。 注意高考对where的考查趋于复杂,先行词由“明显的地点”转为“模糊的地点”,或者说“抽象的地点”。这些名词有stage, case, position, situation, point, occasion, activity等。 9.w