高中语法难点-限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的判断

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的判断 一．限制性定语从句在意义上有“涉他性”，而非限制性定语从句在意义上有“唯一性” 试比较 :  I have a brother who works in a chemical works. 我有一个在化工厂工作的哥哥。 (言外之言：我还有别的哥哥，他或他们不在化工厂工作) I have a brother, who works in a chemical works. 我有一个哥哥,他在化工厂工作。 (暗示再没有别的哥哥了) All the books there which have pictures in them, were written by them. 那儿所有有插图的书都是他们写的。 (言外之言:那儿还有没有插图的书,而那些书不是他们写的) All the books there, which have pictures in them were written by them. 那儿所有的书都是他们写的，书中有插图。 (暗示那儿没有别的书了) 二．当先行词为专有名词时其从句通常是非限制性的因为专有名词是某人、地方、机构等特有的名称，无需再加限定 例如 : Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was murdered on April 14, 1865 at a theatre in Washington. 亚伯拉罕·林肯领导美国度过了这几个年头，可他却于1865年4月14日在华盛顿的一家戏院被暗杀了。 One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza who was born in 1764. 但尼尔孟多亚是拳击史上最引人注目的人物之一,他生于1764年。 如果专有名词前有定冠词,其后的定语从句可能是限制性的，因为这时有可能特指两个或两个以上同名的专有名词中的一个。 例如: The Samual Johnson who was a president of Columbia University was not the Samual Johnson who was a famous English writer. 当过美国哥伦比亚