第十讲 高中英语语法 定语从句讲解与练习

定语从句 定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词的句子。被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which，as等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用，去掉之后意思不明确。非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用，与主句往往用逗号隔开，相当于并列句或状语从句等。例如： This is the house which we bought last month. （限制性） The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. （非限制性） 限制性定语从句 1.关系代词引导的限制性定语从句 　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 先行词是人，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? （who/that在从句中作主语，不能省略） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. （whom/that在从句中作宾语，可以省略） 2）whose 先行词是人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.　 Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green.　 3）which, that先行词是物，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. （作被动语态的主语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come