内容正文:
专题17 非谓语动词易错点解题方法
非谓语动词:
顾名思义,非谓语动词就是在英语中不能独立作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。近年来高考命题常常通过改变熟悉的句型结构或利用一些“ 貌合神离” 的手段,加大考生辨别非谓语动词的难度。一句话通常不能有两个或两个以上的谓语动词, 除非动词是并列谓语或者分别出现在主从复合或并列句中;一句话也不可能无谓语动词(谓语省略的情况除外)。这种题,只要辨清谓语和非谓语,答案自然明确。
1. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _____down to eat our picnic lunch. (2005上海)
A. sitting B. having sat C. to sit D. sat
【答案】D.
【解析】 此题大家易受习惯心理影响选择分词,即A或B项,而and实际上作为并列连词并列的是found及sat两个动作,而非并列providing与 sitting. 答案:D.这是谓语动词。
2. Prices of daily goods _____ through a computer can be lower than store prices.
A. are bought
B. bought C. have been bought D. buying
【答案】B.
【解析】此题学生最易错选的答案为A或C。依据上面陈述,填入A或C句子都有两个谓语动词,而此处两个动词并非并列谓语,也不是分别出现在主从句中,故答案有误。该题正确答案为B,bought through a computer为一过去分词短语作后置定语,句中只有一个谓语can be lower than。当然此题如改为Prices of daily goods which have been bought through…也是正确的,因为这一动作出现在从句中。
3. Children should be allowed ______ their own decisions.
A. making B. to make
C. make D. having made
【答案】B.
【解析】 能作宾语补足语和主语补足语的非谓语动词有不定式,现在分词,过去分词,用哪种非谓语动词形式往往取决于前面动词的句型和不同的非谓语动词所表示的意义。答案:B。
4. My advisor encouraged _____ a summer course to improve my writing skills.
A. for me taking B. me taking
C. for me to take D. me to take
【答案】D.
【解析】答案:D..能接带to的不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语的动词有:
ask/allow /advise/ compel/cause/ command/expect/ encourage / force/get / help/hate/ invite/ intend /instruct/ like/ oblige/ order/ prefer/ persuade/ permit/ press/ remind/ request/ tell/ urge/ wish/ want/ warn/,表示宾语或主语执行不定式的动作(具有“主动”的意义),而且不定式的动作多发生在句子的谓语动作之后(具有“ 将来”的意义)。
5. Paul doesn’t have to be made _____. He always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning
【答案】B.
【解析】答案:B. 使役动词,感官动词能接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语和带to的不定式作主语补足语。
常见的使役动词有make, let, have等; 感官动词有see, hear, watch, observe, notice, feel以及look at, listen to等。本题就是带to的不定式作主语补语。
6.We ______ Mr. Brown to be a fine writer.
A. accept B. receive C. think D. r