专题05 文化百科类（1）-备战2019年中考英语提分必背美文100篇

雾虹是一种与彩虹相似的天气现象，其在空中出现时，看起来像是一座拱形雾门。由于雾虹中水滴太小，无法像彩虹中的水滴那样反射出七彩颜色，因此人们只能看到白色。

Rare white rainbow ①lights up the North Pole

This is the amazing moment a white rainbow streaks across the Arctic sky.

②The rare phenomena, named a fog bow, was spotted by Sam Dobson during a recent expedition to the North Pole.

As their ice breaking ship cruised through the chilly waters, Sam clocked the arching rainbow but was stunned to see it was completely white.

③A fog bow is a similar phenomenon to a rainbow, but it appears as an arch in fog rather than rain. And because of the very small size of water droplets that cause fog, smaller than 0.05 millimeters, it appears as a white arc, rather than a multi-coloured one.

罕见白色彩虹耀现北极

这绝对是惊人的一刻：白色彩虹横跨北极上空。

在最近的一次北极探险中，这称为雾虹的稀有现象被山姆•杜布森拍摄到。

当山姆-杜步森他们的破冰船在寒冷的冰川中巡航时，山姆抓拍了这令人惊讶的彩虹，但是当他看到这条彩虹的时候，他完全惊呆了因为它是纯白的。

雾虹和彩虹是类似的自然现象，但是它出现在北极的雾天中而不是在雨中。而且由于水滴的大小不足0.05毫米，从而形成雾气，造就了这轮白色彩虹，而不是常见的七色彩虹。

1. streak [stri:k] n.（与周围有所不同的）条纹，

2. phenomena [fiˈnɔminə] n. 现象

3. spot [spɔt] v.发现

4. expedition [ˌekspiˈdiʃən] n.考察，远航，考察队

5. cruise [kru:z] v.巡游，漫游，巡航

6. chilly [ˈtʃɪli:] adj.寒冷的

7. stunned [stʌnd] v.（ stun的过去式和过去分词 ），使大吃一惊，给（某人）以深刻印象，使深深感动

8. droplet [ˈdrɔplit] n.小滴，微滴，小水珠

1. light up照亮

Suddenly a surprising image or epigram will light up the scene. 

一个突如其来的形象或警句突然把意境照亮.

Certain regions of the lunar surface light up when the Sun shines on them. 

月面某些部分在太阳照射时会增亮起来.

2.The rare phenomena, named a fog bow, was spotted by Sam Dobson during a recent expedition to the North Pole.

这一罕见的自然现象叫做雾虹，是由山姆•杜布森在最近的一次北极探险中拍摄到的。

named a fog bow 过去分词短语作定语，与所修饰的名词构成被动关系。例：

Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices.

通过网络购买的日常用品比在商场购买的价格便宜。

The first text books written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

第一本为了英语作为外语教学而写的教科书在16世纪出版。

3. A fog bow is a similar phenomenon to a rainbow, but it appears as an arch in fog rather than rain.

雾虹和彩虹是相类似的自然现象，只不过雾虹是在雾中形成而非在雨中。

rather than 并列连词，意为：而不是 例如：

(1) 连接两个名词或代词
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。
You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。
注意：rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2) 连接两个形容词
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
(3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.

我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。
(4) 连接两个分句
We should help him rather than he should help us.

是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。
(5) 连接两个不定式
I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。