Unit 1 Part Ⅱ Grammar——直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ)（课件+word）-【创新设计】2019版同步课堂讲义英语（人教版必修1）

Part Ⅱ　Grammar——直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ) [思维导图]　 对于直接引语和间接引语的掌握，我们可以遵循这样一个原则：一个概念，两种形式，三种句型，四种变化。 一个概念：直接引述别人的原话，叫作直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话，叫作间接引语。 两种形式：直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用加引号。 三种句型：陈述句、疑问句和祈使句。 四种变化：人称、时态、语序和状语。 1．连接词的选择 直接引语变为间接引语时，不同种类的句子有着不同的变化方式。陈述句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为间接引语时都转化成了宾语从句，宾语从句必须用陈述语序。 直接引语 间接引语 陈述句 用连词that引导，that可以省略 一般疑问句 用连词if或whether引导，said改为asked，其后还可以加sb，句子用陈述句语序 特殊疑问句 用原来的特殊疑问词引导，句子用陈述句语序 The boy said，“I like playing basketball very much.” →The boy said that he liked playing basketball very much. The teacher asked the boy，“Do you like playing basketball？” →The teacher asked the boy whether he liked playing basketball. 2．人称变化 直接引语变为间接引语时，人称的变化遵循这样的规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 (1)“一随主”。若直接引语中有第一人称，变间接引语时应与主句中主语的人称相一致。 She said，“My brother wants to go with me.” →She said her brother wanted to go with her. (2)“二随宾”。若直接引语中有第二人称，变间接引语时应与主句中宾语的人称相一致。 She said to me，“You had better get there early.” →She told me that I had better get there early. (3)“第三人称不更新”。直接引语中的第三人称变间接引语时不需要变化。 Mr Smith said，“Jack is a good worker.” →Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker. 3．时态变化[来源:Z*xx*k.Com] 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时 过去完成进行时 Helen said，“I’ve finished writing the report.” →Helen said that she had finished writing the report. The boy said，“My father came to pick me up.” →The boy said that his father had come to pick him up. He said，“I had finished my homework before supper.” →He said that he had finished his homework before supper. 4．指示代词、地点状语、时间状语及动词的变化 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 this[来源:Zxxk.Com] that these those 时间状语 now then today that day yesterday the day before this evening that evening tomorrow[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K] the next day last week the week before ago before 地点状语 here there 方向性动词 bring take come go “Where did you have a picnic yesterday？”asked his friend. →His friend asked where he had a picnic the day before. He said，“I am going to see a film tonight