专题14 时态和语态（一）-2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析

2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析 14时态和语态（一） 动词的时态和语态是历年高考考查的重点之一。要学好时态和语态，首先要熟悉各种时态及其被动语态的构成形式；其次要深刻理解各种时态所表达的意义。高考常考的时态及其被动语态见下表： 语 态 时 态 主 动 语 态 被 动 语 态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are done 一般过去时 did was/were done 现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done 现在完成时 have/has done have/has been done 过去完成时 had done had been done 一般将来时 will do will be done 过去将来时 would do would be done 将来进行时 will be doing will be being done 将来完成时 will have done will have been done 现在完成进行时 have/has been doing have/has been being done 过去完成进行时 had been doing had been being done 考点一 一般现在时 1. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 1. Every December Nobel Prizes ______ to people who have made outstanding contributions to ________ the world．(2014北京) A．award B．are awarded C．awarded D．were awarded 【答案】B 【解析】由时间状语Every December可知，应用一般现在时；Nobel Prizes与award是被动关系，故用被动语态。 2. Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ us. (2013湖南) A. bothers  B. had bothered  C. would bother  D. bothered 【答案】B 【解析】由时间状语every night可知，这里表示经常性的动作，故用一般现在时。 2. 现在的情况或状态 1. People _______ better assess to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result. （2017北京） A. will have B. have C. had D. had had 【答案】B 【解析】与以前相比较，是指现在的情况，应用一般现在时。 2. Planning so far ahead ______ no sense — so many things will have changed by next year. (2011全国I) A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made 【答案】C 【解析】由句意“这么早就制定计划没有意义”可知，这里说的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时。 3. 客观事实或哲理 1. He’s been informed that he _________for the scholarship because of his academic background. (2017江苏) A. hasn’t qualified B. hadn’t qualified C. doesn’t qualify D. wasn’t qualifying 【答案】C 【解析】他被告知，由于教育背景的原因而没有资格获得奖学金。这里指客观事实，应用一般现在时。 2. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every step . (2012全国I) A. has shown B. is showing C. shows D. showed 【答案】C 【解析】解析： 这里是生