专题15 主谓一致-2020年高考英语提升之语法、词汇及情景交际钻石考点提分秘籍

2020年高考提升之语法、词汇及情景交际钻石考点提分秘籍 15主谓一致 高考对主谓一致的考查非常灵活，除对有关主谓一致的基本规则考查外，主要考查学生对主语的辨识能力，主要是在主语前后添加修饰语。主要有：主语前有分数、百分数或数量词修饰；主语后有各种短语，尤其是介词短语修饰；定语从句中准确辨识先行词等。 考点一 带有修饰语的主谓一致 主语后有短语或从句修饰时，这些修饰语不影响主语的人称和数；主语前的修饰语一般情况下也不影响主语的人称和数，如：在“many a + 单数名词”中，中心词是单数名词；在“more than one + 单数名词”中，中心词是单数名词。但是主语前有数量词时，谓语动词应用与数量词在数上保持一致。 1. All we need _______ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year. （2014湖南） A. are B. was C. is D. were 【答案】C 【解析】根据表语a small piece of land可知谓语用单数,而根据从句的时态可知所填词用一般现在时,故选C。 2. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ______ essential to their development. (2013江苏) A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】A 【解析】主语students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others的中心词是inner motivation，是单数，再由generally可知应用一般现在时。 3. All the scientific evidence that increasing use of chemicals in farming ______ damaging our health. (2012湖南) A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is 【答案】D 【解析】主句的主语evidence是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；从句主语的中心词是use，of chemicals是介词短语修饰use，不影响主语的数，故谓语动词应用单数。 4. The fact that so many people still smoke in public places ______ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. (2011江苏) A. suggest B. suggests C. suggested D. suggesting 【答案】B 【解析】主语是the fact，that so many people still smoke in public places是定语从句，修饰the fact，不影响主语的数，故谓语动词用单数。 5. It is reported that many a new house ______ at present in the disaster area. (2010 陕西) A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built 【答案】D 【解析】 that从句中的主语是house，many a new是修饰语，所以谓语动词用单数；由at present可知，应用现在进行时。many a new house意为“很多房子”，虽然意义上是复数，但形式上是单数，所以谓语动词要用单数。类似的还有“more than one + 单数名词”，意为“不止一个”，意义上是复数，但形式上还是单数。 注意： “a number of + 复数名词”做主语，谓语动词用复数，“the number of + 复数名词”做主语，谓语动词用单数。如： The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities __________ risin