内容正文:
词类精讲之
动词概述
眉山车城中学 付方林
概念:动词就是表示动作或状态的词。
动词的分类:根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为实义动词和虚义动词两大类。
注意: 有些动词既可用作实义动词,又可用作虚义动词,比如动词need,既可用作情态动词,又可用作实义动词。go既可用作实义动词,又可用作连系动词。
动词
A、实义动词(行为动词)
B、虚义动词
B-1 情态动词
B-2 助动词
B-3 连系动词
eg: Do you need any help?/ You needn't worry.
We went to Rome./He's going bald.
实义动词,又叫行为动词,是可以在句中单独做谓语的动词。
实义动词的分类:根据其能否直接跟宾语这一属性,实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词这两类。
A、实义动词
A-1 及物动词(vt)
A-2 不及物动词(vi)
eg. We shake hands when we make a deal.
I bought cannabis from a man in the street.
It means, “we agree and we trust each other.
Birds can fly.
一、定义:
A、实义动词
及物动词 (vt)是后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,vt后面可以直接跟宾语。
eg: We planted many trees around our school.
The teacher adopted his stdents' suggestions.
不及物动词(vi)是本身能表达完整意义,后面不需跟宾语的实义动词。vi后面若要跟宾语,必须加上介词。
eg: My watch stopped.
She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening.
Look carefully.
1、不及物动词或不及物动词短语后面加上介词之后,功能等同于及物动词,后面需要跟宾语。
eg: I once lived in the village.
The worker looked at the machine carefully.
2、有些动词既可以用作及物动词