专题03 人教新目标八年级英语下期末知识点思维导图系列Unit 3

人教新目标版八年级下册 Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? Section A 1、Could you please...? 译：请你……好吗？ could为情态动词，表示一种委婉的语气，礼貌地提出请求 否定结构 please后加not eg: Could you please not make noises? 肯定回答常用语： Certainly. Of course. With pleasure. No problem. 否定回答常用语： 先拒绝， 再说明理由 Sorry, I can’t.I have to… Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t. I’m going to… eg: Could you please give me a piece of paper? 请你给我一张纸好吗？ 2、work on 从事，致力于 后+n./pron./v.ing 作宾语 eg: He is working on a new fiction. work 相关短语 work with 与……共事 work for 效劳,为……工作 work out演算出,制定 work at 努力做,致力于 work as从事……工作 as+职业n. eg. He’s working at losing weight. eg. Her son is working as a math teacher. 3、two hours hours 在此将时间时视为一个整体，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式 Three years is a short time. You have to study hard. 注意：英语中表示距离、金额、度量等的词语作主语时，为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 eg：Twenty miles is a long way to walk 4、mess n.杂乱；不整洁 常用可数名词单数形式 eg: “What a mess!” she said after the party. in a mess 乱七八糟 eg: He found his room in a mess. make a mess弄脏 eg. The kids made a mess in the living room. 5、throw v.投， 掷，抛， 扔 过去式、过去分词分别为： threw和thrown throw sb. sth.=throw sth. to sb. 扔给某人某物 eg: She threw me a towel.=She threw a towel to me. 其他短语 throw away 扔掉；丢弃 throw down 扔下 throw at 向……扔（恶意，带攻击性） throw to 投给……（不含有恶意） 6、the minute... 一……就…… =the moment =as soon as eg: We will leave as soon as it stops raining. =We will leave the minute it stops raining. “主将从现” 7、neither adv.也不 ...也是 Neither/ Nor ＋ be/助动词/情态动词＋主语 用于否定 eg: He doesn’t like sports, and neither do I. So ＋ be/助动词/情态动词＋主语 用于肯定 eg: —Jim can play the guitar. —So can I. 作限定词 “两者都不” 放在单数名词前 Neither student is from Canada. 作代词 常与of 连用 “两者都不” Neither of them is very clever, but both study neither...nor... 既不……也不…… 就近原则 eg: Neither my father nor I am interested in the film. 8、could 常用句型 Could you (please) do sth.? Could I do sth.? can 的过去式，表示能力 He said that he couldn’t come. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度 主要用于否定句和疑问句 与can 无时间上的区别 eg: He couldn’t/can’t be over fifty. 表示可能性，指对将来、现在或过去某种可能的推测 eg: The windows are open. He could have come back. 表示建议或用于虚