内容正文:
替 代
导 语
替代(Substitution)和省略一样,也是一种避免重复和连接上下文的手段。替代 包括名词性替代 (Nominal substitution)、动词性替代 (Verbal substitution) 和分句性替代(Clausal substitution)。因此有三种替代词:名词替代词、动词替代词和分句替代词。
1. 名词性替代
用替代词取代名词词组或名词词组中心词这一语法现象叫名词性替代。名词替代词主要为one/ ones, 还有the same, the kind, the sort等。
1. A 替代词one/ ones的用法
1)替代词one/ ones只能替代单数/复数可数名词。例如:
There are good films as well as bad ones. (ones = films)
They sent us a lot of small apples instead of big ones. (ones = apples)
如果名词词组中心词是不可数名词,就不能用one/ ones替代,要避免重复,通常采用名词性省略:
We prefer green tea to black (tea).
I like fresh candy better than stale (candy).
2)替代词one/ ones和它们所替代的名词词组中心词的“数”可以不一致。例如:
I prefer the big bottle to the small ones.
Compare the new edition with the old ones.
3)替代词one/ ones和它们所替代的名词词组中心词在句法功能上也可能不一致。例如:
Do you see those gentlemen over there? The one with grey hair is my father.
A: If only I could remember where it was that I saw someone putting away the box with those candles in, I could finish the dec