高中英语专题讲练：现在完成时的被动语态-考点归纳+随堂练习

现在完成时的被动语态 考点一 现在完成时的被动语态的定义和构成 现在完成时的被动语态同主动语态一样强调过去的动作对现在的影响。现在完成时的被动语态由“has/have+been+及物动词的过去分词”构成。 注意各种句式变化。下面以动词teach为例,列表说明现在完成时的被动语态的句式变化: 考点二 现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项 1)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 主动:We have built many houses in the past ten years. 被动:Many houses have been built in the past ten years.  2)带有双宾语的动词,如 give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read, sell,buy,ask,pay,borrow,lend,offer,hand,pass,get,promise等,变为被动语态时,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个保留在原处。 主动:I have given him the book. 被动:He has been given the book. 被动:The book has been given to him.  注意:带有双宾语的动词在由主动语态变为被动语态时,一般把表示“人”的宾语(间接宾语)变为主语。 3)带有复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的动词变为被动语态时,只能将宾语变为主语,原来的宾语补足语仍留在原处,改称为主语补足语。原来为省略to的不定式做宾语补足语的,被动语态中要用带to的不定式。 主动:I have asked him to help you. 被动:He has been asked to help you.  主动:I have made him work hard. 被动:He has been made to work hard.  4)短语动词变为被动语态时,要注意保持其完整性,动词后面原有的介词或副词切不可遗漏。 主动:He has referred to the book. 被动