内容正文:
英语的语态:主动语态和被动语态
语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。 如:
He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。(主动语态)
The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。(被动语态)
③需要强调动作的承受者时,用被动语态。
The room hasn't been cleaned yet.
什么时候要用被动语态呢
①不知道动作的执行者是谁,用被动语态。
Football is played all over the world.
②没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者,用被动语态。
The bridge was built last year.
④当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态。如:
The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。
⑤汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等客观的说明时。例如:
It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house.
It was reported that her mother died of SARS.
It is well known that …众所周知… …
It is supposed that …据推测说… …
⑥汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如:
Tina is asked to come by Paul.
Tina是被Paul叫来的。
⑦某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如:
He was born in October,1989.
助动词be+动词过去分词(根据
句子的主语和时态,助动词be的变化是通过人称、数和时态的变化表现出来的,疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 有am, is, are, was, were, been几个形式变化。)
被动语态的谓语构成
各种时态的主动语态和被动语态谓语结构对照表
时 态 主动语态 被动语态
1 一般现在时 do/does am/is/