专题06 非谓语动词的考查-2019年高考英语十大高频考点详解

【重点考向】 之所以英语中要有非谓语动词，是为了解决句子中出现了第二个动词的问题 非谓语动词是英语中的常见语法现象，不但是语法填空、短文改错等语法题的命题点，也是阅读理解、完型填空长难句的组成部分，同时也是书面表达的加分造句技巧。 【考点实例】 1. The island, to the mainland by a bridge,is easy to go to. A joining B to join C joined D having joined 2. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, nothing about the argument. A says B said C to say D saying 3. While （walk） his dog in the park yesterday afternoon,Bob heard someone shouting for help in the distance. 4. I am not interested in pop music,because I often have difficulty （understand） the words. 【考点精析】 （1）to do的意义 语态：主动 to do 状态：未发生 I want to go to visit my friend. She invited me to come. To catch the bus,he ran as fast as he can.目的状语 （2）doing的意义 语态：主动 doing 状态：进行 He finished reading the book yesterday The woman giving us oral lessons is from America. = The woman who gives us oral lessons is from America. Walking along the street,we found a purse lying on the ground.=When we walked along the street,we found a purse lying on the ground. 【小测】To do PK doing He is advised （stop） （think of） （go） abroad in these two years. （3）done的意义 语态：被动 done 状态：已发生，完成 A retired teacher is cleaning the fallen leaves at school. 完成 一位退休教师在清理学校的落叶。 The terrified boy doesn’t like fried chips. 被动 这个被吓坏了的男孩不喜欢炸薯条。 To do PK doing PK Done 1. have（make/let使役动词） sb. do sth.——The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father. 2. have sb./sth, doing sth.——The two men had their lights burning all night long. 3. have sth. Done——The driver had his car washed once a week.这个司机让他的车一周被洗一次 （4）状语从句的简化 例一：To finish my homework,I didn't sleep until 12 o'clock=I work until 12 o'clock for I was to finish my homework. 例二：Knowing the answers,I felt very happy=When I knew the answers,I felt very happy. While standing in front of the teacher,Mary was nervous.=While Mary was standing in front of th