内容正文:
单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)
语法精讲
现在完成时(一)
一、基本结构:
have/has+过去分词.
二、句型结构:
1.肯定句
主语+have/has+过去分词.
2.否定句
主语+have/has+not+过去分词.
3.一般疑问句
Have/Has+主语+过去分词?[来源:Zxxk.Com]
4.特殊疑问句[来源:学科网]
疑问词(主语)+have/has+过去分词?
疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词?
三、现在完成时的用法(Ⅰ)
现在完成时表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。可以细致分为下述两种情况:
1.表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束,常和just,now,already,yet,not…yet等不确定的时间状语连用。
e.g. Li Ming has just turned off the light.李明刚刚把灯关上。(说明现在灯关上了)
I've finished my homework now.现在我已经做完作业了。(说明可以交作业或做别的了)
2.表示过去动作的结果现在仍保持着,一般不用时间状语。 [来源:学科网]
e.g.I have lost my pen.我把笔丢了。 (说明过去某时丢的,现在我还没找到这支笔)
She has become a teacher.她已经当了老师。(说明她现在仍是老师)
四、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系,对现在产生的结果或影响等,而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生,不表示和现在的关系。
e.g.I have lost my new book.我把新书丢了。(现在还未找到)
I lost my new book yesterday.我昨天把新书丢了。(昨天丢的,现在找到与否没说明)
语法专练
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.I __have__ already __seen__(see) the film.I __saw__(see) it last week.
2.—__Has__ Wei Hua __come__(come) yet?
—Yes,she __has_come__(come) already.She __came__(come) just now.
3.—__Have__ you __bought__(buy) a dictionary?[来源:学科网]
—Yes,I __have__.
—Where __did__ you __buy__(buy) it?
—I __bought__(buy) it in a bookstore.
4.Your father __has__ just __finished__(finish) his work.You can ask him to have dinner.
5.Someone __has_taken__(take) the bags away.Now there's nothing on the desk.
二、单项选择。
(C)6.(2018·贵阳模拟)—Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight?
—No,I ________ it last week.
A.see B.have seen C.saw
(D)7.—A nice car!Is it yours?
—No,it isn't.I ________ it from a friend of mine two days ago.
A.borrow B.have borrowed
C.will borrow D.borrowed
(D)8.Over fifty countries ________ the AIIB(亚投行) so far.
A.joined B.was joining
C.had joined D.have joined
(B)9.Mike used to be a top student,but he ________ behind since he lost himself in computer games.
A.fell B.has fallen
C.was D.has been[来源:学&科&网]
(B)10.—________ Miss Brown ________ out all of her records?
—No,not yet.
A.Have;sold B.Has;sold
C.Does;sell D.Is;sell
三、句型转换。
11.Mr.Brow