Unit 10 单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)-2018年八年级下册英语名师学案（人教版）

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus) 语法精讲 一、现在完成时讲解(三) 现在完成时可以指动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，刚刚结束或有可能继续下去，常与“for＋一段时间”或“since＋过去的时间点或从句”连用。 1．在这种完成时的肯定句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，如果是非延续性动词通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。 2．在这种完成时的否定句中，非延续性动词则可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 二、延续性动词与非延续性动词 1．延续性动词表示行为或过程能持久继续下去或能产生持久的影响，可以和“一段时间”连用。常见的延续性动词有：work，keep，have，live，stay等。 2．非延续性动词又称终止性动词，这类动词表示行为或过程是短暂的或瞬时完成结束。常见的非延续性动词有：open，die，close，come，go，move，borrow，lend，buy，arrive，leave，join，kill，lend，reach等。它们不能和“一段时间”连用。 3．延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换。 非延续性 动词 延续性 动词 非延续性 动词 延续性 动词 borrow keep open[来源:学科网] be open buy have leave be away from become be die be dead put on wear finish be over move to live in return be back recognize know fall in be in begin/start be on fall asleep be asleep come/go be here/ [来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K] there get to/arrive/ reach be (in) come back be back get to know know go(get) out be out get up be up catch a cold have a cold get married be married join→be in/be a member of＋组织机构 语法专练　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 一、单项选择。 (D)1.—When will A Bite of China Ⅱ begin tonight? —It ________ for ten minutes. A．will begin B．has begun C．will be on D．has been on (B)2.—________ have you stayed in this hotel? —Not long，just ________this Monday. A．How soon；from B．How long；since C．How many days；for D．How often；on (C)3.—Mike，you ________ the magazine since last week.Can you return it now? —Sure. A．borrowed B．have borrowed C．have kept D．kept (D)4.(2016·青岛)William Shakespeare ________ for 400 years，but his works still have great influence today. A．died B．was dying C．has died D．has been dead (D)5.Michael ________ his hometown for a long time.He really misses it. A．left B．has left[来源:学科网ZXXK] C．was away from D．has been away from 二、同义句转换。[来源:学。科。网] 6．Amy joined the school dancing team two years ago. Amy __has__ __been__ __a__ __member__ __of__ the school dancing team for two years. 7．Michael has been here for five years. Michael __came__ __here__ five years __ago__