专题05 虚拟语气大揭秘-2019年高考英语十大高频考点详解

课前提示： If引导的真实条件句 1.主将(现)从现： If it rains tomorrow,I will stay at home. When he grows up,he will understand. When:正常情况下会在将来发生 If I run into problems,I will/always turn to my dad. If:不知道是否发生 2.主情从现 If it doesn’t rain,I can go camping with you. 3.主祈从现 If you are happy,clap you hands. 1、 虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气 含义：明明是假话，你还得说，就要用“虚拟语气”的形式来说。 1. 表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were) 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) If I had a billion dollar,I would buy you furniture for you house. 2. 表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done If I have been you,I would have accepted her offer.如果我是过去的你，我会接受她的提议。 If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） 3. 表示与将来事实相反的情况 从句：①if+主语+were to do ②if+主语+should+do ③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were） 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do If Kobe should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him. 如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：不可能来） If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就去滑冰。（事实：不可能下雪） If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。（事实：不可能来） 4.【注意事项】 ① 错综时间句： 即虚拟条件状语从句与虚拟主句中谓语动作的时间不一致。 If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了。 If they had informed us,we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 If he knew her,he would have greeted her that day. 如果他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 虚拟从句 + 虚拟主句 过去 had done would/c/s/m have done 现在 were/did would/c/s/m do 将来 should do/were to do would/c/s/m do ② 虚拟条件句中的省略： 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had 时，if 可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were,should,had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there,we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去了。 Were she here,she would agree with us. 如果