初中定语从句讲解及练习

初中定语从句讲解及练习 一、 定义： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用： 1、引导定语从句   2、代替先行词   3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。  Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略  Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)  This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。  The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语  He has a friend whose father is a do