内容正文:
四位一体——知识清单+难点突破+解题秘诀+易错题型
高中英语语法一点通——定语从句
知识清单
一、定语从句的定义
一个从句来充当定语,这个从句就称为“定语从句”,被定语从句修饰的词称为“先行词”,先行词可以是名词、代词或者一个句子,定语从句通常紧跟在先行词后面,有时候为了表达的需要,先行词和定语从句也可能割裂开来。
Do you know the man who is standing over there?
Those who will attend the meeting must arrive on time tomorrow morning.
He was admitted to a key university, which made his family proud.
The book will sell well, which is written by the famous writer.
The exam made the boy worried who had never studied hard.
二、定语从句的分类
分类
特征
例句
限制性定语从句
对先行词起修饰限制作用
He has two sons who work in the same company.
非限制性定语从句
对先行词起到补充说明作用,先行词和定语从句往往用逗号隔开。
Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses.
三、关系词的用法
定语从句的引导词称为“关系词”,关系词在定语从句中起到三重作用:(1)连接主句和定语从句;(2)代替先行词;(3)在定语从句中充当句子成分(主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语)。
定语从句通常情况下缺少以下几个句子成分:主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语,既然缺少句子成分,那么关系词就必须把这些缺少的句子成分补上,关系词进一步分为:关系代词和关系副词,关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语;关系副词在定语从句中充当状语。
1、 关系代词的用法
先行词
关系词
充当的句子成分
例句
人
who
主语、宾语
Do you know the man who is repairing the bike?
I can’t remember the man (who) I me