2017-2018学年高中英语（外研版,必修一）同步课件+教师用书:Unit 3 Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing （2份打包）

Section Ⅳ　Grammar & Writing 过去分词作定语&一般过去时 观察下列从Reading and Vocabulary中选取的句子，体会动词­ed形式作定语以及一般过去时的用法。 1．Recently I had my first ride on a long­distance train. 2．During the day，I sat and looked out of the window，and sometimes talked to other passengers. 3．One night，at about midnight，I watched the night sky for about an hour. 4．A long time ago，Australians needed a way to travel to the middle of the country. 5．A hundred and fifty years ago，they brought some camels from Afghanistan. 6．In 1925，they passed a law which allowed people to shoot the animals if they were a problem. 7．We ate great meals cooked by experts! 8．We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago. 一、过去分词作定语 1.位置：单个的过去分词作定语，常置于被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语，常置于被修饰之后，相当于一个省略的定语从句。过去分词短语有时也可作非限制性定语，前面常用逗号与被修饰的成分隔开，相当于一个非限制性定语从句。 The government is trying to improve the polluted air. 政府正在努力改善污染的空气。 He bought a colour TV produced last year(＝that was produced last year)． 他买了一台去年生产的彩色电视机。 The Olympic Games，first held in 776 BC(＝which were first held in 776 BC)，did not allow women to take part until 1912. 奥运会举办于公元前776年，直到1912年才允许女人参加。 [名师点津]　有些单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。如left(剩下的，剩余的)，concerned(有关的)等。 There is a little time left.Let's hurry up. 剩余时间不多了，咱们快点吧。 2．意义：及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表示完成也表示被动，不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成。 Have you read the novel written by Luxun. 你读过鲁迅写的小说吗？(表被动、完成) He sat there，looking up at the risen sun. 他坐在那里，仰望着已升起的太阳。(表示完成) 3．过去分词、现在分词、现在分词的被动式和不定式作定语的区别 过去分词作定语 表示被动或完成 现在分词作定语 表示主动或进行 现在分词的被动式作定语 表示被动和进行 不定式作定语 表示将来的动作 China is a developing country，not a developed country. 中国是一个发展中国家，而不是一个发达国家。 The problem discussed yesterday has something to do with our work. 昨天讨论的那个问题与我们的工作有关系。 The problem being discussed now has something to do with our work. 正在被讨论的那个问题与我们的工作有关系。 Nobody knows the topic to be discussed tomorrow. 没有人知道我们明天将要讨论的话题。 二、一般过去时 1．一般过去时表示过去某一时刻或者某一段时间发生的动作或者状态。常和表示过去的时间状语then，at that time，just now，a moment ago，the other day，in the past，at one time，three days ago，last year，yest