精品解析：辽宁省鞍山市铁东区2026-2027学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试题

英语试卷 (本试卷共65道题 考试时间105分钟 满分110分) * 温馨提示：考生答题时，必须将答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。 卷Ⅰ 选择题(共70分) 听力部分(20分) 一、情景反应(每小题1分，共5分) 你将听到五个句子，每个句子后面有一道小题，请从所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每个句子播放一遍。 1. A. With pleasure. B. It doesn’t matter. C. I have got a fever. 2. A. Much better. B. I don’t know. C. Yes, I do. 3. A. Yes, please. B. I can do it. C. Sorry, I won’t. 4. A. Very good. B. Why? C. I’m sorry to hear that. 5. A. Great. B. What a pity! C. It was exciting. 二、短对话理解(每小题1分，共5分) 你将听到五段短对话，每段对话后面有一个小题，请从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话播放两遍。 6. A. Visit his grandparents. B. Help Mum buy food. C. Go to the library. 7. A. Alice. B. Cathy. C. Ruth. 8. A. There will be less pollution. B. There will be more people. C. There will be more pollution. 9. A. Three eggs and one tomato. B. Two eggs and two tomatoes. C. One egg and three tomatoes. 10. A. The animals. B. The plants. C. The countryside. 三、长对话理解(每小题1分，共6分) 你将听到两段长对话，每段对话后面各有三个小题，请从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话播放两遍。 听第一段对话，回答第11至13小题。 11. What is the woman’s hobby? A. Travelling. B. Painting pictures. C. Taking photos. 12. How much is the woman’s new camera? A. $300. B. $500. C. $700. 13. What does the man like best? A. Collecting stamps. B. Painting pictures. C. Travelling. 听第二段对话，回答第14至16小题。 14. When should the work be finished? A. By Monday. B. By Tuesday. C. By Friday. 15. What’s wrong with Julia? A. She has a headache. B. She has a stomachache. C. She is well. 16. What’s the man going to do? A. He will go home. B. He will have a meeting. C. He will go to see Julia. 四、短文理解(每小题1分，共4分) 你将听到一段短文，短文后面有四个小题，请从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。短文播放两遍。 17. When did Fiona come to the new school? A. Last month. B. Last week. C. Last year. 18. How did Fiona feel when she first came to the new school? A. Afraid. B. Tired. C. Unhappy. 19. What’s Lisa’s dream? A. To be an actress. B. To be a singer. C. To be a teacher. 20. What do the two girls usually do on Sunday afternoon? A. Tell stories. B. Watch movies. C. Sing songs. 笔试部分(90分) I．阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2分;满分40分) 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Passage 1. Teng Fei is a middle school student from China. He is 12 years old. Now he is on holiday with his family in London. London is under a special cold wave, so the temperature is much lower than usual. It is 5 o’clock on Wednesday afternoon, and it is raining. He is looking at the weather report on his computer. Next five days Thursday 0-12℃ Friday -2-10℃ Saturday -3-8℃ Sunday -5-6℃ Monday -12-0℃ Temperature (温度) in the next 24 hours 1. How is the weather on Friday? A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Windy. D. Snowy. 2. Next Monday can be a good day for ________. A. riding a bike B. playing soccer C. making a snowman D. running in a park 3. At 11 o’clock on Thursday, the temperature is ________. A. 1℃ B. 4℃ C. 6℃ D. 10℃ 4. What can we know from the text? A. It is windy on Saturday. B. It is 4℃ in London right now. C. Teng Fei is studying English in England. D. The temperature is 3–8℃ on Sunday. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了中国中学生腾飞与家人在伦敦度假，周三下午他通过电脑查看未来五天的天气预报，内容包含周四到周一的天气状况、气温范围，以及未来24小时的逐时气温变化。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“He is looking at the weather report on his computer. Next five days”对应的天气预报图表，Friday的天气图标为晴天，可知周五天气晴朗。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据“He is looking at the weather report on his computer. Next five days”对应的天气预报图表，Monday的天气图标为下雪、温度标注为“-12—0℃”，可推知周一是下雪天，适合堆雪人。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“It is 5 o’clock on Wednesday afternoon, and it’s raining.”，结合“Temperature (温度) in the next 24 hours”折线图可知，周四11点在未来24小时范围内，对应的温度为10℃。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“It is 5 o’clock on Wednesday afternoon”，结合“Temperature (温度) in the next 24 hours”折线图可知，“now”对应当前时间，温度为4℃，即伦敦此刻温度为4℃。 Passage 2. Every summer holiday, I go to my grandparents’ beach house. The house is only five minutes’ walk from the beach, so we can head onto the beach anytime. One afternoon, my grandparents and I took the dog for a walk on the beach. I took off my shoes and ran after the dog. We had so much fun that we completely forgot the time. It was getting quite dark before we realized it. Just then, a voice in my mind seemed to remind me that we should go back home. However, we couldn’t find the exact way back in the darkness. Luckily, my grandparents’ dog guided us back to the right path. In the darkness I stepped on something sharp. I let out such a big cry that my grandparents ran over to me in seconds. When they took a close look, they found that it was a piece of glass from a broken bottle. I felt better after a few minutes, so I asked my grandparents, “Shall we go back home?” My grandparents said, “How about looking around and picking up all the broken pieces of glass and bottles? Then the beach will be safe for everyone.” I nodded my head and started working with them. After half an hour we picked up more than ten bottles and lots of small glass pieces. Knowing that no one would get hurt, we went back home happily. 5. Why did the writer and the grandparents stay on the beach so long? A. Because they were looking for glass bottles. B. Because the dog wouldn’t follow them home. C. Because they were having too much fun to notice the time. D. Because they wanted to watch the sunset by the sea. 6. What helped them find the right way home in the dark? A. The dog. B. The light. C. The map. D. A policeman. 7. How did the writer feel about that afternoon? A. It was frightening and unlucky. B. It was tiring but meaningful. C. It was boring and long. D. It was a waste of time. 8. What is the main idea of the story? A. It tells us how to play happily on the beach. B. It tells us a good way to find ways in the dark. C. It tells us not to take off shoes on the beach. D. It tells us that we should keep the beach safe and clean for others. 【答案】5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者暑假前往祖父母的海滨小屋，和祖父母带狗去海滩玩耍，因玩得尽兴忘记时间，天黑后迷路，由狗带路返程；途中作者踩到碎玻璃，之后祖孙三人一起捡拾海滩上的碎玻璃和瓶子，避免其他游客受伤的故事。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。第一段提到“We had so much fun that we completely forgot the time.”，可知，作者和祖父母在海滩玩得太开心，没有注意到时间流逝，所以在海滩待了很久。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。第一段表明“Luckily, my grandparents’ dog guided us back to the right path.”，可知，是祖父母的狗带领他们在黑暗中找到了回家的正确道路。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。第二段指出“After half an hour we picked up more...went back home happily.”，可知，捡拾半小时垃圾会让人疲惫，但他们的行为能让海滩更安全、避免他人受伤，是很有意义的，因此作者觉得这个下午累但有意义。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。全文围绕作者在海滩的经历展开，通过作者踩到碎玻璃后和祖父母一起清理海滩垃圾、保障他人安全的故事，传达了我们应该为他人保持海滩安全与整洁的道理。 Passage 3. In the warmth of their gentle care, We find a place where we always share. Mum, Dad, and those who hold us dear, Anytime, they are always near. Walking with us when the road is steep (陡峭的), Their quiet love makes our sorrows (悲伤) sleep. With hugs and words, we face each ________, In this bond (纽带) that never disappears. In their eyes, we see hope shine bright, Somewhere love stays, day and night. In their hearts, we find peace to rest, Somewhere we are truly blessed (保佑). 9. In this poem, ________ is always by our side. A. friends B. family C. fear D. worries 10. According to the poem, ________ can be put in the blank. A. tear B. dear C. peer D. deer 11. In the poem, the underlined word “Somewhere” means “________”. A. in their eyes B. in their life C. in their hearts D. in their mind 12. The purpose of writing this poem is to ________. A. ask people to write about their family B. ask people to leave their family C. show the problems of family life D. praise the love of family members 【答案】9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要赞美了父母等家庭成员无微不至的温柔关怀、默默的爱以及带给我们的安全感与庇护，表达了对家人深沉爱意的感激与赞颂。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。诗歌明确提到：“Mum, Dad, and those who hold us dear, Anytime, they are always near.”，说明父母以及珍爱我们的家人无论何时总在我们身旁，即诗中常伴我们左右的是家人。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。从诗歌韵律与语义逻辑分析：空后一句为“In this bond that never disappears.”，空处所填词需与“disappears”形成尾韵对应（押/ɪə/韵）；且前半句提到“With hugs and words, we face each…”，限定词each后接可数名词单数，名词tear意为“眼泪”，短语face each tear表示“用拥抱和话语去面对每一次流泪/悲伤”，在诗歌押韵与情感表达上均完美契合。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。诗歌最后两句构成工整的对仗结构：“In their hearts, we find peace to rest, Somewhere we are truly blessed.”，最后一行画线的“Somewhere”直接承接并指代前一行诗句中的地点状语“In their hearts”，说明让我们真正感到幸福与备受护佑的“某处”即指父母家人的内心深处。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全诗可知，诗歌借由“gentle care”、“quiet love”、“hope shine bright”以及“peace to rest”等真挚动人的语句，全方位赞美了家人无微不至的爱与陪伴，说明作者创作这首诗的主要目的在于赞颂家庭成员之间的爱。故选D。 Passage 4. What exciting news! Yan Ning, who is a famous Chinese biologist, returned home from the USA in 2022. She is well-known for her great love for science and our country. She sets a good example for young students. Yan comes from Jinan, Shandong. She was an excellent student at Tsinghua University. After she finished college, she went to Princeton University for further study. At the age of 30 in 2007, she went back to Tsinghua and became its youngest professor (教授). In 2017, she decided to join Princeton again and worked there for five years. She won many international prizes for her great study work. On November 1, 2022, the 45-year-old scientist told people her plan at a meeting in Shenzhen. She would leave Princeton and return to China. She hoped to help build the Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation. Soon this decision became a hot topic online. Lots of Chinese people welcomed her warmly. After she came back, Yan Ning leads a team of young scientists and students. They work day and night to study important problems in medical (医学的) science. They have made several new findings. Their work helps us know more about human cells and may help develop (发展) better medicine to fight illnesses. We are proud of Yan Ning. We are looking forward to more great achievements from her team. We hope they will keep going and make more contributions (贡献) to China’s science work. 13. How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a funny story. B. By asking a question. C. By sharing exciting news. D. By showing a group of numbers. 14. Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A. ①②/③/④⑤ B. ①/②/③④⑤ C. ①②③④/⑤ D. ①/②③/④/⑤ 15. What does the underlined word “achievements” mean? A. new and simple plans B. great and successful works C. fast and easy trips D. nice and warm talks 16. What can we infer from the passage? A. Yan Ning will spend all her time teaching at Tsinghua. B. Yan Ning went to Princeton only for higher prizes. C. More helpful medicine may come out with their study. D. Yan Ning’s team has already found ways to cure (治愈) all illnesses. 【答案】13. C 14. D 15. B 16. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了中国著名生物学家颜宁的求学与工作经历，讲述了她2022年从美国回国、参与建设深圳医学研究院并带领团队开展医学研究的事迹，表达了对颜宁及其团队的骄傲与期待之情。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。第一段开头“What exciting news!”，作者以分享一则激动人心的消息开篇，引出人物颜宁。 【14题详解】 篇章结构题。第一段总起，引出颜宁回国这件事；第二段和第三段介绍颜宁的求学和工作经历，并宣布回国的计划；第四段介绍她回国之后带领团队做科研；第五段总结，表达期待与自豪。结构是①/②③/④/⑤。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。第五段“We are looking forward to more great achievements from her team.”，结合上下文，大家期待她团队更多伟大、成功的成果，achievements意思是“伟大且成功的成果”。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。第四段“Their work helps us know more about human cells and may help develop better medicine to fight illnesses.”，说明他们的研究或许可以研发出更好的药物，由此推断可能会出现更多有用的药物。 第二节 阅读短文，从方框中所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Passage 5. Every year, monarch butterflies (帝王蝶) fly from forests in the US and Canada all the way to Mexico. Unluckily, though, many monarch butterflies can’t even start this journey. These butterflies are endangered. In fact, there are 90% fewer monarch butterflies than there were 20 years ago. Scientists are trying to help them by using technology. By fixing small electronic tags (电子标签) to butterflies, scientists are able to follow them and find their location. ____17____ Scientists are also using lasers (激光器) to learn more about monarch butterflies. In California, scientists use lasers to get the number of butterflies in forests. ____18____ This machine makes a 3D map of the forest so that scientists can see any butterfly that may be there. Knowing how many butterflies there are helps scientists look after them. ____19____ For example, a group of scientists have made a website called eButterfly. It allows everyone to work together to help monarch butterflies. On the website, users can share information like where there are butterfly eggs in their area. ____20____ This allows people to choose the right plants to grow in order to make their yards good places for these beautiful butterflies to live. A. The Internet can help scientists protect these butterflies, too. B. They use a high-tech laser machine called LIDAR. C. When they know where the butterflies go, they can help protect these areas of land. D. Understanding why these butterflies move is important. E. There is also information about what plants these butterflies like to live on. 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了帝王蝶的濒危现状，以及科学家运用电子标签、激光设备、网络平台等科技手段保护帝王蝶的相关做法。 【17题详解】 前文提到科学家给帝王蝶安装小型电子标签，能够追踪它们的行踪、获取其位置信息。C选项“When they know where the butterflies go, they can help protect these areas of land.”承接上文“获取蝴蝶位置”的内容，说明获知位置后可进一步保护蝴蝶栖息的土地，逻辑衔接顺畅。 【18题详解】 前文提到科学家在加州使用激光器统计森林里的蝴蝶数量，后文出现指代词“This machine”介绍设备功能。B选项“They use a high-tech laser machine called LIDAR.”既呼应前文的“lasers（激光器）”，又引出后文指代的机器，起到承上启下的作用。 【19题详解】 后文举例说明科学家搭建了名为eButterfly的网站，号召大众共同参与保护帝王蝶，属于互联网助力保护的内容。A选项“The Internet can help scientists protect these butterflies, too.”总领本段，“too”呼应前文提到的电子标签、激光等其他科技保护手段，自然引出下文网络相关的举措。 【20题详解】 前文介绍网站用户可分享所在地蝴蝶卵分布等信息，后文说明人们可据此选择合适的植物种植，为蝴蝶打造宜居环境。E选项“There is also information about what plants these butterflies like to live on.”承上启下，既呼应前文的“share information”，又衔接后文“choose the right plants”的内容。 II. 完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分;满分10分) 根据短文内容，从A，B，C，D四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。 I bought a jasmine (茉莉) plant for my office. When I bought it, they ____21____ me it would bloom (开花) and my office would be full of ____22____ sweet smell. I had the plant for two months, and I ____23____ looked at it, but there weren’t any flowers or pleasant smell. I was not happy with the ____24____, so I gave the plant to my friend Linda. One day, ____25____ friend Mary called and invited me to her office. ____26____ I walked in, her jasmine flowers surprised me. I couldn’t help smelling them. Lost in the ____27____ smell of only a handful of these flowers, I suddenly understood ____28____. Mary bought her plant the same time I did. It took a year for her jasmine to bloom. I was not patient enough. In a way my life is like the jasmine plant. I need to be patient and let things ____29____. Last Sunday Linda told me that she was going abroad the next week. She returned the plant to me. This time I am going to ____30____ my jasmine to bloom. 21. A. asked B. questioned C. told D. wished 22. A. my B. its C. our D. their 23. A. often B. never C. hardly D. sometimes 24. A. service B. advice C. action D. result 25. A. others B. other C. the other D. another 26. A. If B. When C. Until D. Because 27. A. common B. poor C. enjoyable D. interesting 28. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything 29. A. choose B. happen C. reach D. follow 30. A. laugh at B. care about C. wait for D. come true 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者买了一盆茉莉花，因缺乏耐心在两个月未开花后将其送人。后来在朋友处闻到花香，得知茉莉花开需要一年，作者由此感悟到生活中需要耐心等待。 【21题详解】 句意：当我买下它时，他们告诉我它会开花，我的办公室将充满它的香味。 结合前文“I bought a jasmine (茉莉) plant”以及后文“it would bloom”可知，此处指卖花的人告诉作者它会开花，应用told。asked“问”、questioned“质疑”与wished“希望”均不符合语境。 【22题详解】 句意：当我买下它时，他们告诉我它会开花，我的办公室将充满它的香味。 结合“sweet smell”可知，此处指代前文提到的茉莉花的香味，意为“它的香味”，应用形容词性物主代词its，其他选项人称不符。 【23题详解】 句意：我养了这盆植物两个月，我经常看它，但是没有任何花朵或好闻的香味。 结合后文“but there weren’t any flowers”转折可知，作者一直期盼花开，因此是经常关注它，应用often。never“从不”、hardly“几乎不”与sometimes“有时”均不符合语境。 【24题详解】 句意：我对这个结果不满意，所以我把植物给了我的朋友Linda。 结合前文“there weren’t any flowers or pleasant smell”可知，作者对养了两个月没开花这个结果不满意，应用result。service“服务”、advice“建议”与action“行动”均不符合语境。 【25题详解】 句意：一天，另一个朋友Mary打电话邀请我去她的办公室。 结合前文“so I gave the plant to my friend Linda”提到作者把花送给了朋友Linda，此处又出现了朋友Mary，泛指“另一个”朋友，应用another。others“其他人”、other“其他的”（后接复数名词）与the other“另一个”（特指两者中的另一个）均不符合语境。 【26题详解】 句意：当我走进去时，她的茉莉花让我感到惊讶。 结合“I walked in”和“her jasmine flowers surprised me”的逻辑关系，可知是当走进去的时候感到惊讶，引导时间状语从句，应用when。If“如果”、Until“直到”与Because“因为”均不符合语境。 【27题详解】 句意：沉浸在仅有的一把花朵散发出的令人愉快的香味中，我突然明白了某件事。 结合前文“her jasmine flowers surprised me. I couldn’t help smelling them”可知，花香让作者忍不住去闻，说明香味是让人感到快乐的，应用enjoyable。common“普通的”、poor“糟糕的”与interesting“有趣的”均不符合语境。 【28题详解】 句意：沉浸在仅有的一把花朵散发出的令人愉快的香味中，我突然明白了某件事。 结合后文作者领悟到的道理“I need to be patient”可知，在闻花香的过程中他明白了某些道理，肯定句中应用something。everything“一切”、nothing“没什么”与anything“任何事”均不符合语境。 【29题详解】 句意：我需要有耐心，让事情自然发生。 结合前文“I was not patient enough”以及“I need to be patient and let things”可知，作者意识到自己缺乏耐心，领悟到需要耐心，让事情自然发生，应用happen。choose“选择”、reach“到达”与follow“跟随”均不符合语境。 【30题详解】 句意：这一次我打算等待我的茉莉花开花。 结合前文“I need to be patient and let things”以及全文主旨可知，作者再次拿回茉莉花，这次他学会了耐心，打算等待它开花，应用wait for。laugh at“嘲笑”、care about“关心”与come true“实现”均不符合语境。 卷II 非选择题(共40分) III．语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1分;满分10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或用括号内所给词的适当的形式填空，使短文意思通顺、连贯。 In families with many children, the oldest, middle and youngest children are often very different. Studies show that many ____31____ (one)-born children are more hard-working and more serious than their brothers and sisters. They are more interested in following rules. They work hard ____32____ (make) their parents happy. The youngest is always the parents’ “baby”, so the youngest is usually more outgoing and ____33____ (funny) than the other children. The youngest child is also usually the most spoiled (惯坏的) of all the children in the family. There is ____34____ common joke that all sales people are the youngest in their families, because they are good at convincing (说服) others to do what they want. Middle children are often quicker and more thoughtful than the oldest and youngest. Many middle children are good at making peace ____35____ people, because they have to learn how to live with the very different ____36____ (personality) of the youngest and the oldest. Middle children sometimes feel unhappy, because they feel the hard-working oldest child and the outgoing youngest child get ____37____ (much) of their parents’ attention. But middle children very often grow up to do very unusual and great things, because they are used to thinking for themselves and choosing ____38____ (them) own way. However, I think no matter ____39____ a person is born, everyone can choose his or her own path in life. Everyone can choose to make his or her good qualities stronger and bad qualities weaker. The order of birth ____40____(not decide) anyone’s life. 【答案】31. first 32. to make 33. funnier 34. a 35. between 36. personalities 37. more 38. their 39. how 40. doesn’t decide##does not decide 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍出生次序（老大、中间孩子、老小）带来的一些性格特点差异，最后提出核心观点：出生顺序并不能决定人的一生，每个人都可以自主选择自己的人生方向。 【31题详解】 句意：研究表明，许多头胎孩子比他们的兄弟姐妹更勤奋、更稳重。first-born是复合形容词，意为“头胎的、最先出生的”，此处需用one的序数词first。 【32题详解】 句意：他们努力工作，为了让父母开心。不定式to make作目的状语，表示努力的目的。 【33题详解】 句意：最小的孩子总是父母的“宝贝”，所以老小通常比其他孩子更外向、更风趣。than是比较级标志，funny的比较级为funnier，和more outgoing并列。 【34题详解】 句意：有一个很常见的玩笑：所有销售人员都是家里最小的孩子，因为他们擅长说服别人按自己的想法行事。joke是可数名词单数，common以辅音音素开头，用a。 【35题详解】 句意：很多排行中间的孩子善于在人们之间调解矛盾，因为他们必须学着适应老大和老小截然不同的性格。根据语境，中间的孩子通常在老大和最小之间起调节作用，make peace between people意为“在人们之间促成和解/使人们和解”，此处需用between。 【36题详解】 句意：很多排行中间的孩子善于在人们之间调解矛盾，因为他们必须学着适应老大和老小截然不同的性格。different后接可数名词复数，personality的复数形式为personalities。 【37题详解】 句意：排行中间的孩子有时会不开心，因为他们觉得勤奋的老大和外向的老小能得到父母更多的关注。此处隐含比较意味，中间的孩子觉得其他孩子得到的关注“更多”，much的比较级为more。 【38题详解】 句意：但排行中间的孩子长大后常常能做出不平凡、了不起的事，因为他们习惯独立思考，选择属于自己的道路。此处修饰名词way，应用them的形容词性物主代词形式their，表示“他们的”。 【39题详解】 句意：然而，我认为无论一个人是怎样出生（排行如何），每个人都可以选择自己的人生道路。no matter how意为“无论如何”，引导让步状语从句，how符合语境。 【40题详解】 句意：出生顺序不能决定任何人的人生。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语The order of birth是第三人称单数，否定句需借助助动词does，后接动词原形，doesn’t decide/does not decide均可。 IV．阅读与表达(共4小题，41~43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分;满分10分) 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Now a tiny new “bee” draws many people’s eyes around the world. It is not a real insect (昆虫) but a robot (机器人) bee — a very small flying machine made by scientists. In many places, real bees are becoming fewer and fewer because of climate change and other dangers. Scientists hope these little robots can play an important part in protecting nature. How does a robot bee work? It has four light wings on its back. The wings move up and down more than 100 times a second. In this way, the little robot can fly, stop and turn freely in the air. It can also take photos of flowers, store information and “talk” to other robot bees, just like members of a real bee family. Why do scientists spend much time developing such robots? In fact, about three quarters of the plants people eat need bees to carry pollen (花粉) from flower to flower. Without bees, many plants cannot grow fruit, so people may have less food in the future. Robot bees could help carry pollen when real bees are in danger. However, they still have big problems. They can only fly for a few minutes because their batteries (电池) run out quickly, and each one is quite expensive. Scientists are trying to make them fly longer and cost less in the near future. 41. What helps a robot bee fly, stop and turn freely in the air? ______________________________________ 42. How do robot bees help plants grow fruit? ______________________________________ 43. Why are robot bees not widely used now? ______________________________________ 44. Do you think robot bees will be widely used one day? Why? (Write 30 words or more.) ______________________________________ 【答案】41. Its four light wings. 42. By carrying pollen from flower to flower. 43. Because their batteries run out quickly and they are expensive. 44. Yes, I think they will. Because science develops fast. Scientists are trying to solve battery and cost problems. Once solved, robot bees can protect nature and ensure food supply for humans effectively. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型机器人蜜蜂，包括其工作原理、研发原因、目前面临的挑战以及未来的发展前景。 【41题详解】 文章第2 段“It has four light wings on its back. The wings move up and down more than 100 times a second. In this way, the little robot can fly, stop and turn freely in the air.（它的背上有四个轻盈的翅膀。翅膀每秒上下移动100多次。通过这种方式，这个小机器人可以在空中自由飞行、停止和转弯。）”明确了是四个轻盈的翅膀帮助它飞行。这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取。 【42题详解】 根据文章第3段“Robot bees could help carry pollen when real bees are in danger.（当真正的蜜蜂处于危险中时，机器人蜜蜂可以帮助传播花粉。）”以及前文提到的植物需要蜜蜂传播花粉才能结果可推知，它们通过传播花粉帮助植物结果。这是原文中的具体信息，答案可从中提取。 【43题详解】 文章第3段“They can only fly for a few minutes because their batteries run out quickly, and each one is quite expensive.（它们只能飞行几分钟，因为电池很快耗尽，而且每一个都相当昂贵。）”明确了目前未广泛使用是因为电池续航短且成本高。这是原文中的具体信息，答案可从中提取。 【44题详解】 本题为开放性试题，需表达观点并说明理由，字数不少于30 词。结合文章末尾科学家正在努力改进可知，未来有望广泛使用，答案不唯一，合理作答即可。 V．书面表达(共20分) 45. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Jane想更多地了解你和你最好的朋友。请根据下表提示，给Jane写一封电子邮件。 你和你最好的朋友的异同 外貌 性格 爱好 学习 你对朋友或这份友谊的看法 ●要点：1．内容须包含表格提示信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 　　　　2．语言表达要准确，语句通顺、完整;不得出现任何真实的个人身份信息; 　　　　3．词数80~100;开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。 Dear Jane, How’s it going? I’m writing to tell you something about my best friend and me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope we can be best friends, too. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Jane, How’s it going? I’m writing to tell you something about my best friend and me. My best friend is Tom. We are similar in some ways but different in others. I am taller than him, but he is more outgoing than me. I enjoy reading books in my free time, while he loves playing basketball with classmates. However, we both work hard at school and get good grades. We often help each other with our lessons. I think friends should understand and support each other when in trouble. I cherish our friendship very much because it makes me happy every day. I hope we can be best friends, too. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文（电子邮件），以一般现在时为主 明确要点：你和好朋友的异同（外貌、性格、爱好、学习）、你对朋友或这份友谊的看法 确定人称：第一人称（I/my/we）介绍自己，第三人称（he/she）介绍朋友 注意事项：不得出现真实的个人身份信息，开头结尾已给出不计入总词数，词数80~100 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，引出要介绍最好的朋友 主体段：分别介绍两人的异同，从外貌、性格、爱好、学习四方面展开 结尾段：表达对朋友或友谊的看法，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：你和好朋友的异同 外貌描述：tall/short/thin/heavy/long hair/short hair/we look the same等 性格描写：outgoing/quiet/funny/shy/friendly/serious等 爱好描写：like playing basketball/both enjoy reading/love music/be interested in swimming等 学习描写：be good at math/do well in English/study hard/help each other with homework等 互助表达：He often helps me with my math./We learn from each other.等 要点二：你对朋友或这份友谊的看法 观点表达：Friends are like books—you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good./A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.等 感受表达：I’m lucky to have a friend like him./Friendship makes my life more colorful./I hope our friendship will last forever.等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 英语试卷 (本试卷共65道题 考试时间105分钟 满分110分) * 温馨提示：考生答题时，必须将答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。 卷Ⅰ 选择题(共70分) 听力部分(20分) 一、情景反应(每小题1分，共5分) 你将听到五个句子，每个句子后面有一道小题，请从所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每个句子播放一遍。 1. A. With pleasure. B. It doesn’t matter. C. I have got a fever. 2. A. Much better. B. I don’t know. C. Yes, I do. 3. A. Yes, please. B. I can do it. C. Sorry, I won’t. 4. A. Very good. B. Why? C. I’m sorry to hear that. 5. A. Great. B. What a pity! C. It was exciting. 二、短对话理解(每小题1分，共5分) 你将听到五段短对话，每段对话后面有一个小题，请从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话播放两遍。 6. A. Visit his grandparents. B. Help Mum buy food. C. Go to the library. 7. A. Alice. B. Cathy. C. Ruth. 8. A. There will be less pollution. B. There will be more people. C. There will be more pollution. 9. A. Three eggs and one tomato. B. Two eggs and two tomatoes. C. One egg and three tomatoes. 10. A. The animals. B. The plants. C. The countryside. 三、长对话理解(每小题1分，共6分) 你将听到两段长对话，每段对话后面各有三个小题，请从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话播放两遍。 听第一段对话，回答第11至13小题。 11. What is the woman’s hobby? A. Travelling. B. Painting pictures. C. Taking photos. 12. How much is the woman’s new camera? A. $300. B. $500. C. $700. 13. What does the man like best? A. Collecting stamps. B. Painting pictures. C. Travelling. 听第二段对话，回答第14至16小题。 14. When should the work be finished? A. By Monday. B. By Tuesday. C. By Friday. 15. What’s wrong with Julia? A. She has a headache. B. She has a stomachache. C. She is well. 16. What’s the man going to do? A. He will go home. B. He will have a meeting. C. He will go to see Julia. 四、短文理解(每小题1分，共4分) 你将听到一段短文，短文后面有四个小题，请从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。短文播放两遍。 17. When did Fiona come to the new school? A. Last month. B. Last week. C. Last year. 18. How did Fiona feel when she first came to the new school? A. Afraid. B. Tired. C. Unhappy. 19. What’s Lisa’s dream? A. To be an actress. B. To be a singer. C. To be a teacher. 20. What do the two girls usually do on Sunday afternoon? A. Tell stories. B. Watch movies. C. Sing songs. 笔试部分(90分) I．阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2分;满分40分) 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Passage 1. Teng Fei is a middle school student from China. He is 12 years old. Now he is on holiday with his family in London. London is under a special cold wave, so the temperature is much lower than usual. It is 5 o’clock on Wednesday afternoon, and it is raining. He is looking at the weather report on his computer. Next five days Thursday 0-12℃ Friday -2-10℃ Saturday -3-8℃ Sunday -5-6℃ Monday -12-0℃ Temperature (温度) in the next 24 hours 1. How is the weather on Friday? A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Windy. D. Snowy. 2. Next Monday can be a good day for ________. A. riding a bike B. playing soccer C. making a snowman D. running in a park 3. At 11 o’clock on Thursday, the temperature is ________. A. 1℃ B. 4℃ C. 6℃ D. 10℃ 4. What can we know from the text? A. It is windy on Saturday. B. It is 4℃ in London right now. C. Teng Fei is studying English in England. D. The temperature is 3–8℃ on Sunday. Passage 2. Every summer holiday, I go to my grandparents’ beach house. The house is only five minutes’ walk from the beach, so we can head onto the beach anytime. One afternoon, my grandparents and I took the dog for a walk on the beach. I took off my shoes and ran after the dog. We had so much fun that we completely forgot the time. It was getting quite dark before we realized it. Just then, a voice in my mind seemed to remind me that we should go back home. However, we couldn’t find the exact way back in the darkness. Luckily, my grandparents’ dog guided us back to the right path. In the darkness I stepped on something sharp. I let out such a big cry that my grandparents ran over to me in seconds. When they took a close look, they found that it was a piece of glass from a broken bottle. I felt better after a few minutes, so I asked my grandparents, “Shall we go back home?” My grandparents said, “How about looking around and picking up all the broken pieces of glass and bottles? Then the beach will be safe for everyone.” I nodded my head and started working with them. After half an hour we picked up more than ten bottles and lots of small glass pieces. Knowing that no one would get hurt, we went back home happily. 5. Why did the writer and the grandparents stay on the beach so long? A. Because they were looking for glass bottles. B. Because the dog wouldn’t follow them home. C. Because they were having too much fun to notice the time. D. Because they wanted to watch the sunset by the sea. 6. What helped them find the right way home in the dark? A. The dog. B. The light. C. The map. D. A policeman. 7. How did the writer feel about that afternoon? A. It was frightening and unlucky. B. It was tiring but meaningful. C. It was boring and long. D. It was a waste of time. 8. What is the main idea of the story? A. It tells us how to play happily on the beach. B. It tells us a good way to find ways in the dark. C. It tells us not to take off shoes on the beach. D. It tells us that we should keep the beach safe and clean for others. Passage 3. In the warmth of their gentle care, We find a place where we always share. Mum, Dad, and those who hold us dear, Anytime, they are always near. Walking with us when the road is steep (陡峭的), Their quiet love makes our sorrows (悲伤) sleep. With hugs and words, we face each ________, In this bond (纽带) that never disappears. In their eyes, we see hope shine bright, Somewhere love stays, day and night. In their hearts, we find peace to rest, Somewhere we are truly blessed (保佑). 9. In this poem, ________ is always by our side. A. friends B. family C. fear D. worries 10. According to the poem, ________ can be put in the blank. A. tear B. dear C. peer D. deer 11. In the poem, the underlined word “Somewhere” means “________”. A. in their eyes B. in their life C. in their hearts D. in their mind 12. The purpose of writing this poem is to ________. A. ask people to write about their family B. ask people to leave their family C. show the problems of family life D. praise the love of family members Passage 4. What exciting news! Yan Ning, who is a famous Chinese biologist, returned home from the USA in 2022. She is well-known for her great love for science and our country. She sets a good example for young students. Yan comes from Jinan, Shandong. She was an excellent student at Tsinghua University. After she finished college, she went to Princeton University for further study. At the age of 30 in 2007, she went back to Tsinghua and became its youngest professor (教授). In 2017, she decided to join Princeton again and worked there for five years. She won many international prizes for her great study work. On November 1, 2022, the 45-year-old scientist told people her plan at a meeting in Shenzhen. She would leave Princeton and return to China. She hoped to help build the Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation. Soon this decision became a hot topic online. Lots of Chinese people welcomed her warmly. After she came back, Yan Ning leads a team of young scientists and students. They work day and night to study important problems in medical (医学的) science. They have made several new findings. Their work helps us know more about human cells and may help develop (发展) better medicine to fight illnesses. We are proud of Yan Ning. We are looking forward to more great achievements from her team. We hope they will keep going and make more contributions (贡献) to China’s science work. 13. How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a funny story. B. By asking a question. C. By sharing exciting news. D. By showing a group of numbers. 14. Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A. ①②/③/④⑤ B. ①/②/③④⑤ C. ①②③④/⑤ D. ①/②③/④/⑤ 15. What does the underlined word “achievements” mean? A. new and simple plans B. great and successful works C. fast and easy trips D. nice and warm talks 16. What can we infer from the passage? A. Yan Ning will spend all her time teaching at Tsinghua. B. Yan Ning went to Princeton only for higher prizes. C. More helpful medicine may come out with their study. D. Yan Ning’s team has already found ways to cure (治愈) all illnesses. 第二节 阅读短文，从方框中所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Passage 5. Every year, monarch butterflies (帝王蝶) fly from forests in the US and Canada all the way to Mexico. Unluckily, though, many monarch butterflies can’t even start this journey. These butterflies are endangered. In fact, there are 90% fewer monarch butterflies than there were 20 years ago. Scientists are trying to help them by using technology. By fixing small electronic tags (电子标签) to butterflies, scientists are able to follow them and find their location. ____17____ Scientists are also using lasers (激光器) to learn more about monarch butterflies. In California, scientists use lasers to get the number of butterflies in forests. ____18____ This machine makes a 3D map of the forest so that scientists can see any butterfly that may be there. Knowing how many butterflies there are helps scientists look after them. ____19____ For example, a group of scientists have made a website called eButterfly. It allows everyone to work together to help monarch butterflies. On the website, users can share information like where there are butterfly eggs in their area. ____20____ This allows people to choose the right plants to grow in order to make their yards good places for these beautiful butterflies to live. A. The Internet can help scientists protect these butterflies, too. B. They use a high-tech laser machine called LIDAR. C. When they know where the butterflies go, they can help protect these areas of land. D. Understanding why these butterflies move is important. E. There is also information about what plants these butterflies like to live on. II. 完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分;满分10分) 根据短文内容，从A，B，C，D四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。 I bought a jasmine (茉莉) plant for my office. When I bought it, they ____21____ me it would bloom (开花) and my office would be full of ____22____ sweet smell. I had the plant for two months, and I ____23____ looked at it, but there weren’t any flowers or pleasant smell. I was not happy with the ____24____, so I gave the plant to my friend Linda. One day, ____25____ friend Mary called and invited me to her office. ____26____ I walked in, her jasmine flowers surprised me. I couldn’t help smelling them. Lost in the ____27____ smell of only a handful of these flowers, I suddenly understood ____28____. Mary bought her plant the same time I did. It took a year for her jasmine to bloom. I was not patient enough. In a way my life is like the jasmine plant. I need to be patient and let things ____29____. Last Sunday Linda told me that she was going abroad the next week. She returned the plant to me. This time I am going to ____30____ my jasmine to bloom. 21. A. asked B. questioned C. told D. wished 22. A. my B. its C. our D. their 23. A. often B. never C. hardly D. sometimes 24. A. service B. advice C. action D. result 25. A. others B. other C. the other D. another 26. A. If B. When C. Until D. Because 27. A. common B. poor C. enjoyable D. interesting 28. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything 29. A. choose B. happen C. reach D. follow 30. A. laugh at B. care about C. wait for D. come true 卷II 非选择题(共40分) III．语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1分;满分10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或用括号内所给词的适当的形式填空，使短文意思通顺、连贯。 In families with many children, the oldest, middle and youngest children are often very different. Studies show that many ____31____ (one)-born children are more hard-working and more serious than their brothers and sisters. They are more interested in following rules. They work hard ____32____ (make) their parents happy. The youngest is always the parents’ “baby”, so the youngest is usually more outgoing and ____33____ (funny) than the other children. The youngest child is also usually the most spoiled (惯坏的) of all the children in the family. There is ____34____ common joke that all sales people are the youngest in their families, because they are good at convincing (说服) others to do what they want. Middle children are often quicker and more thoughtful than the oldest and youngest. Many middle children are good at making peace ____35____ people, because they have to learn how to live with the very different ____36____ (personality) of the youngest and the oldest. Middle children sometimes feel unhappy, because they feel the hard-working oldest child and the outgoing youngest child get ____37____ (much) of their parents’ attention. But middle children very often grow up to do very unusual and great things, because they are used to thinking for themselves and choosing ____38____ (them) own way. However, I think no matter ____39____ a person is born, everyone can choose his or her own path in life. Everyone can choose to make his or her good qualities stronger and bad qualities weaker. The order of birth ____40____(not decide) anyone’s life. IV．阅读与表达(共4小题，41~43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分;满分10分) 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Now a tiny new “bee” draws many people’s eyes around the world. It is not a real insect (昆虫) but a robot (机器人) bee — a very small flying machine made by scientists. In many places, real bees are becoming fewer and fewer because of climate change and other dangers. Scientists hope these little robots can play an important part in protecting nature. How does a robot bee work? It has four light wings on its back. The wings move up and down more than 100 times a second. In this way, the little robot can fly, stop and turn freely in the air. It can also take photos of flowers, store information and “talk” to other robot bees, just like members of a real bee family. Why do scientists spend much time developing such robots? In fact, about three quarters of the plants people eat need bees to carry pollen (花粉) from flower to flower. Without bees, many plants cannot grow fruit, so people may have less food in the future. Robot bees could help carry pollen when real bees are in danger. However, they still have big problems. They can only fly for a few minutes because their batteries (电池) run out quickly, and each one is quite expensive. Scientists are trying to make them fly longer and cost less in the near future. 41. What helps a robot bee fly, stop and turn freely in the air? ______________________________________ 42. How do robot bees help plants grow fruit? ______________________________________ 43. Why are robot bees not widely used now? ______________________________________ 44. Do you think robot bees will be widely used one day? Why? (Write 30 words or more.) ______________________________________ V．书面表达(共20分) 45. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Jane想更多地了解你和你最好的朋友。请根据下表提示，给Jane写一封电子邮件。 你和你最好的朋友的异同 外貌 性格 爱好 学习 你对朋友或这份友谊的看法 ●要点：1．内容须包含表格提示信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 　　　　2．语言表达要准确，语句通顺、完整;不得出现任何真实的个人身份信息; 　　　　3．词数80~100;开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。 Dear Jane, How’s it going? I’m writing to tell you something about my best friend and me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope we can be best friends, too. Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $