精品解析：广东省佛山市新质高中联盟2026-2027学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

佛山市新质高中联盟2026-2027学年第一学期高二年级联考试卷 英语学科 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听力理解（共6小题，每小题2分，满分12分） 材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有两个小题，各段播放前有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题的问题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听第一段材料，回答第1-3题。 1. A. To study. B. To volunteer. C. To see wildlife. 2. A. The accommodation B. The local language. C. The hot weather.3. A. Eye contact. B. Hand gestures. C. Facial expressions. 听第二段材料，回答第4-6题。 4. A. It was dark. B. It was cold. C. It was silent. 5. A. Avoid breaking the equipment. B. Protect the surrounding wildlife. C. Improve the natural environment. 6. A. Dolphins. B. Whales. C. Sharks. 第二节 回答问题（共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分） 听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。材料及问题读两遍。 7.__________________________________________________ 8.__________________________________________________ 9.__________________________________________________ 10.__________________________________________________ 第二部分 阅读（共三节，满分40分） 第一节 阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A My story starts like so many writers’: making stories as soon as I could hold a pencil. By seven, I was making up “novels” weekly and forcing them upon my long-suffering aunts. While other kids dreamed of being astronauts, I hesitated between “author” and “veterinarian”. Then, at fifteen, I saw the first Lord of the Rings in the cinema. It struck me like lightning. When I discovered it was adapted from a book and that entire worlds could be built with words, my path was set — to be a writer in the future. I immediately dug out my glitter gel pens and got back to writing. But growing up meant growing doubtful. “Be practical,” everyone said. So I became the cliche: the writer who studied psychology instead. Academic work in university took over every minute of my life, leaving my stories untouched and coated in dust. After graduation, the floodgates opened. Characters flooded back, whispering I forgot how much I needed that. Over a period of time, I wrote crazily until my new job got even busier and my personal life broke down. Then I found myself pulling boxes of half-finished works into my childhood bedroom at twenty-six. This time, the fall was severe and that slump went on for years. Then came the babies. When I held my first child in my arms, tired for lack of sleep and aching all over, I got up the courage to ask myself: “Why haven’t I become a writer yet?” How absurd that was! Here I was, busy changing diapers (尿布), yet the old hunger rushed back louder than the baby. So I fought for it — writing down outlines with a purple pen while feeding babies, reading books during naptimes, stealing twenty bleary-eyed minutes at midnight. I kept going. Now, I’m more tired than ever. More frightened too. But the words are here to stay. It turns out that my greatest mistake wasn’t in stopping writing, but in believing I could ever stop writing. 1. What made the author decide to become a writer? A. Her interest in novels. B. A film. C. Her curiosity about surroundings. D. A habit. 2. What does the underlined word “slump” in paragraph 4 mean? A. A period of high productivity. B. A lack of motivation. C. A state of inactivity in performance. D. A sudden increase in energy. 3. What can we learn from the author’s experience? A. Never give up on your true passion. B. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. C. A good book can change people’s lives unexpectedly. D. It is possible to balance writing with life responsibilities. B You stayed up too late scrolling through your phone, answering emails or watching just one more episode. The next morning, you feel sleepy and impatient. That dessert or sandwich suddenly looks more appealing than your usual yogurt and berries. This isn’t just about willpower. Your brain, short on rest, is pushing you toward quick, high-calorie fixes. Research shows that not enough sleep disturbs hunger signals, weakens self-control and increases the risk of weight gain. Lack of sleep affects millions. More than one-third of U. S. adults regularly get less than seven hours of sleep per night. Nearly three-quarters of adolescents fall short of the recommended 8-10 hours of sleep during the school week. First responders, including nurses, firefighters and emergency workers, are especially vulnerable due to night work and varying uncontrollable schedules. These patterns disturb the body’s internal clock and are linked to increased appetite, poor eating habits and higher risks for obesity and metabolic (新陈代谢的) disease. Studies show that after just one night of sleep deprivation, reward-related areas such as the amygdala, a part of the brain that drives motivation and reward-seeking, become more reactive to inviting food. Your brain becomes more excited by junk food and less capable of resisting it. Participants in sleep deprivation studies not only rated high-calorie foods as more desirable but were also more likely to choose them, regardless of how hungry they actually felt. Sleep is as important as diet and exercise in maintaining a healthy weight. Fortunately, even a few nights of regular, high-quality sleep can help rebalance key systems and start to reduce some of these effects. In a culture that praises hard-work and late nights, sleep is often treated as optional. So the next time you find yourself reaching for junk food after a short night, recognize that your biology is reacting to stress. Sleep is your most powerful tool for appetite control, energy regulation and long-term health. 4. Why do people prefer high-calorie food after poor sleep? A. They have a natural preference for it. B. High-calorie foods are more attractive. C. Sleep loss stimulates the brain for appetite. D. People are actually very hungry. 5. According to the passage, why are first responders more likely to suffer from sleep problems? A. Their increased appetite. B. Their lack of awareness. C. Their shift schedules. D. Their poor eating habits. 6. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. The Danger of Sleep Loss B. Sleep’s Role in Appetite Control C. The Brain’s Reward System and Sleep D. Sleep Loss and Modern Work Culture C In less than two months, a newly opened minimarket in a remote village in Xigaze City, southwest China's Xizang, has attracted a large number of customers. The secret behind its success is the idea “rubbish for goods”. Villagers can redeem (兑换) goods with used cartons (硬纸盒) and drink bottles. Early in the morning, Drukhyun, the first secretary of Chumik Village, came to check the stock (库存). “More and more people are coming to redeem goods and we need to timely ensure plentiful stocks,” Drukhyun said. Yet the move was not quite well received in the beginning, until they put their eyes on the pupils. The children used recyclables in exchange for snacks and soon the news spread. Now over 100 villagers have redeemed goods with a value of over 5, 100 yuan. The market has also provided jobs for four local residents that once lived under the poverty line, each earning a monthly salary of 3, 000 yuan. Tenzin Drolma is responsible for counting and weighing the goods. “Thanks to the market, I can get such a meaningful job. Local residents are highly motivated and I'm pretty busy every day.” Since a rule of sorting the waste into categories (种类) in Lhasa was carried out in November 2020, several green markets have opened one after another. In another similar supermarket in Lhasa, the shelves are filled with edible oil, washing liquid, toothpaste and other daily products. All the products are only available by redeeming points. One kilogram of plastic waste can be redeemed for 13 points while one kilogram of cartons is worth of 5 points. Technology has also made the low-carbon lifestyle smarter and cleaner. In a community in Lhasa's Chengguan District, the intelligent recycling bins can calculate the weight and upload (上传) the redeemed points to cards of local residents. “When the trash bins are full, it will automatically remind the cleaning staff to empty them,” said Pendran, director of the district's waste sorting office. 7. What do we know about the minimarket in Xizang? A. It was an immediate success when first founded. B. It began to spread with the help the local kids. C. It was not accepted for environmental damage. D. It allowed villagers to buy daily goods with cash. 8. How does the minimarket affect the local area? A. It starts the local rule of waste sorting. B. It helps the locals get rid of poverty. C. It offers more diverse goods for the locals. D. It provides employment opportunities. 9. What is Tenzin Drolma's attitude towards the minimarket? A. Appreciative. B. Worried. C. Disapproving. D. Uncertain. 10. What can the intelligent cycling bins do? A. Make cards for local residents. B. Sort the waste into several categories. C. Figure out the value of the recycles. D. Remind the residents to empty the bin. 第二节 语句排序（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 11. 将下列几个部分（A、B、C、D和E）按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。 A. The assumption reflects what psychologists call a fixed mindset, which they suggest can be dangerous, as it often leads to a fear of failure and a tendency to give up easily when facing difficulties. B. The simple shift in attitude — from fearing failure to embracing challenges — is what ultimately separates those who achieve greatness from those who settle for being ordinary. C. For a long time, many people believed that success was primarily the result of talent or high intelligence. D. Therefore, cultivating a growth mindset is essential for anyone who wishes to achieve long-term success and resilience in the face of life’s obstacles. E. In contrast, those with a “growth mindset” view challenges as opportunities to learn and improve, believing that abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work. ________→________→________→________→________ 第三节 选句填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 During your teenage years, your body goes through many changes, and you may or may not like how your body develops. You start forming an image of your body. ___12___ You can develop either a positive or negative body image, depending on your mindset. One of the major contributors of a negative body image is peer pressure. Even if you do not think you are being bullied by your group of friends, you may be laughed at casually about your appearance or you may simply notice that they seem more “perfect” than you. This can have a negative impact on your body image. ___13___ Often, an ideal body type is promoted heavily on social networks. Culture may also have a negative impact on one’s body image. If your culture values a particular body image, then that would make you unhappy if you don’t match it. A negative body image increases the risk of unhealthy behaviors like extreme dieting, overeating, over exercising, isolation, and risky surgeries. It also lowers life satisfaction and can lead to unhappiness. ___14___ To have a more positive body image, first accept that we are all unique individuals. Imagine if everyone looked the same, the world would be a boring place. ___15___ Beauty standards keep changing all the time. What’s more, models and celebrities you see in the media may look “perfect” for the era, but, in fact, much of it is due to makeup, angles and lighting and Photoshop! ___16___ Avoid commenting on others’ looks, and you will stop criticizing yourself too. If you have peers who constantly comment about your appearance, it might be time to re-evaluate the company you keep. Remember, your body image is simply YOUR perception (感知) of your body. This means YOU have the power to change this, even if you do not have the ability to change the perception of others. A. Your body image is influenced by many factors. B. Another major factor is what is shown in the media. C. It is simply how you see, think and feel about yourself. D. More importantly, there is no such thing as a perfect body. E. In general, the key to a positive body image is self-acceptance. F. Also, instead of focusing on appearances, learn to value people for who they really are. G. Over focusing on appearance can stop you from appreciating your other positive qualities. 第三部分 综合应用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When I was fourteen, my brother Barney and I started to climb The Tooth with our uncle, Tom Campbell. Tom was a (n) ____17____ mountaineer, who taught us the basics of climbing. That morning, we hiked through an ancient forest, ____18____ northwestwards. Leaping from one rock to the next, we gradually ____19____ the destination. Directly ahead was a wall of rock. Tom ____20____ over a gap to the rock face, climbed up a while, and found a good ____21____ where he could use holds to support the next climber. He tied the rope firmly between himself and Barney, yelling, “Climb!” Barney looked to his left with a slight ____22____, then he moved slowly and cautiously forward. I watched his moves carefully, so I could use the same ____23____ he used. But I was ____24____, wondering what was taking him so long. Finally, it was my turn. I stepped up to the gap edge, and began to move to the cliff. However, when I ____25____, I was absolutely terrified. The cliff plunged straight down for what looked like a thousand feet deep. ____26____ my legs began to shake. “Come on,” they encouraged. Inspired, I ____27____ myself across the gap, struggling to resist the pull of the abyss below. When I finally reached them, my mouth was as dry as a ____28____. Enjoying a good ____29____ at the top of the mountain, I felt proud that I had overcome my fear. Hard work will ____30____ eventually. Those who have reached the peak will find ____31____ that lasts a lifetime. 17. A. strict B. experienced C. humorous D. optimistic 18. A. escaping B. wandering C. heading D. fleeing 19. A. spotted B. approached C. confirmed D. lost 20. A. traced B. bent C. jumped D. hung 21. A. opportunity B. landscape C. barrier D. position 22. A. hesitation B. passion C. relief D. distraction 23. A. devices B. sticks C. gloves D. holds 24. A. afraid B. concerned C. impatient D. delighted 25. A. climbed up B. thought over C. set off D. glanced down 26. A. Then B. Still C. Eventually D. Nevertheless 27. A. willed B. accepted C. appreciated D. conducted 28. A. volcano B. desert C. plain D. glacier 29. A. entertainment B. remark C. view D. meal 30. A. carry on B. pay off C. take over D. figure out 31. A. property B. emotion C. strength D. treasure 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Thanks to social media recommendations, Zibo barbecue has become an overnight hit, with large numbers of visitors ____32____ (pour) to the city on weekends. People joked that the last time so many people showed up in the city ____33____ (be) during the Siege (围攻) of Qi, a famous battle in the area in 284 BC. Taking advantage of ____34____ barbecue craze, Zibo has gone all out to promote local tourism resources, while working to ensure the ____35____ (safe) of visitors and the quality of tourism products. Many areas have been changed into dining halls for the massed crowds. ____36____ (ease) restrictions on the supplies of meat and grills, local banks have started handing out low-interest loans designed ____37____ (special) for barbecue-related industries. This barbecue fever in Zibo should be helping China recover from its zero-covid era. Since the end of zero-covid, many tourists have described ____38____ (they) as “special-ops” travelers. This means dropping into a location, spending as little time and money as possible, ____39____ then moving on to the next spot. Zibo barbecue has been one of the top items to tick off from travel lists. People eat and drink at low tables ____40____ a small stove heated by coal. The craze is about more than the simple food. _____41_____ people across the country are seeking out in Zibo is Shandong’s big-hearted hospitality. 第四部分 词汇基础（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 词义匹配（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 42. The teacher explained the rule again, but it still didn’t make sense to the confused students. A. be clearly understood B. become meaningless C. sound interesting D. cause trouble 43. Some friends spent the dinner bending over their phones but ignoring the ones who sat right in front of them. A. breaking phones apart B. turning phones upside down C. leaning over the table D. leaning forward to look 44. Everyone is encouraged to contribute to the class project by sharing their creative ideas. A. take part in B. play a part in C. look forward to D. give up on 45. After discussing for hours, we finally managed to work out a practical plan for the school festival. A. give away B. put off C. figure out D. break down 46. The whole argument actually boils down to one simple question: who will pay for the trip? A. comes down to B. turns out to be C. makes up for D. gets away from 47. Since the weather was terrible, we decided to stay in and watch a movie instead of going out. A. run into B. leave for C. check out D. remain indoors 48. The government has set out a new environmental programme to handle waste problem. A. has set apart B. has launched C. has arranged D. has set aside 49. We need to buy a couple of things at the supermarket before heading back home. A. a range of B. a few C. a variety of D. piles of 50. We should take steps to save endangered animals and plants. A. follow someone’s path B. walk up stairs C. take action to achieve D. count one’s footsteps 51. The young athlete’s extraordinary performance in the game surprised all the audience. A. very unusual and impressive B. quite ordinary C. extremely disappointing D. totally practical 第二节 单词拼写（每空1分，满分10分） 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，用单词的恰当形式填空，并把完整单词填写在答题卷相应的位置上。 52. On ________ (平均值), students in our class spend about two hours on homework every evening.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. The government is taking measures to address the _____________ (威胁) of rising sea levels. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. Despite the heavy rain and the bad traffic, she remained ________ (乐观的) that they would arrive at the airport on time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. It is universally acknowledged that a person’s eating habits and daily ________ (行为) can greatly affect their health.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 56. The lecture by Professor Linda, an environmental expert, was really ________ (知识性强的); we learned a lot about challenges the world is facing now. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 57. Supermarkets have to make sure their goods reach c________ in the best condition, so the food packaging waste problem arises. (根据首字母单词拼写) 58. He never stopped c________ his dream in his energetic years. (根据首字母单词拼写) 59. The sudden heavy storm r________ our homeland, causing many houses to collapse. (根据首字母单词拼写) 60. As an i________ figure in the field of artificial intelligence, Professor Smith has published dozens of highly cited papers.(根据首字母单词拼写) 61. He felt deeply a________ of his rude behavior at the dinner table last night, so he apologized to his hostess immediately. (根据首字母单词拼写) 第五部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 完成句子（每小题5分，满分15分） 根据所给中文用合适的英文完成句子翻译。 62. 我第一次尝试向听众讲解科学时，紧张得几乎无法专注于自己正在讲的内容。(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 63. 我倾向于把自己逼到极限，大多数人认为这是不健康的。(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 64. 在过去的5亿年里，地球上的生命曾五次濒临灭绝。(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 第二节 应用文写作（满分25分） 65. 假定你是班长李华。毕业十周年将至，班级计划举办毕业十周年（anniversary）聚会活动，请你代表班级写一封邮件，邀请外教David参加。内容包括： 1. 活动时间、地点及活动内容； 2. 感谢外教曾经的付出，并期待他的到来。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 佛山市新质高中联盟2026-2027学年第一学期高二年级联考试卷 英语学科 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听力理解（共6小题，每小题2分，满分12分） 材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有两个小题，各段播放前有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题的问题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听第一段材料，回答第1-3题。 1. A. To study. B. To volunteer. C. To see wildlife. 2. A. The accommodation B. The local language. C. The hot weather.3. A. Eye contact. B. Hand gestures. C. Facial expressions. 听第二段材料，回答第4-6题。 4. A. It was dark. B. It was cold. C. It was silent. 5. A. Avoid breaking the equipment. B. Protect the surrounding wildlife. C. Improve the natural environment. 6. A. Dolphins. B. Whales. C. Sharks. 第二节 回答问题（共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分） 听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。材料及问题读两遍。 7.__________________________________________________ 8.__________________________________________________ 9.__________________________________________________ 10.__________________________________________________ 第二部分 阅读（共三节，满分40分） 第一节 阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A My story starts like so many writers’: making stories as soon as I could hold a pencil. By seven, I was making up “novels” weekly and forcing them upon my long-suffering aunts. While other kids dreamed of being astronauts, I hesitated between “author” and “veterinarian”. Then, at fifteen, I saw the first Lord of the Rings in the cinema. It struck me like lightning. When I discovered it was adapted from a book and that entire worlds could be built with words, my path was set — to be a writer in the future. I immediately dug out my glitter gel pens and got back to writing. But growing up meant growing doubtful. “Be practical,” everyone said. So I became the cliche: the writer who studied psychology instead. Academic work in university took over every minute of my life, leaving my stories untouched and coated in dust. After graduation, the floodgates opened. Characters flooded back, whispering I forgot how much I needed that. Over a period of time, I wrote crazily until my new job got even busier and my personal life broke down. Then I found myself pulling boxes of half-finished works into my childhood bedroom at twenty-six. This time, the fall was severe and that slump went on for years. Then came the babies. When I held my first child in my arms, tired for lack of sleep and aching all over, I got up the courage to ask myself: “Why haven’t I become a writer yet?” How absurd that was! Here I was, busy changing diapers (尿布), yet the old hunger rushed back louder than the baby. So I fought for it — writing down outlines with a purple pen while feeding babies, reading books during naptimes, stealing twenty bleary-eyed minutes at midnight. I kept going. Now, I’m more tired than ever. More frightened too. But the words are here to stay. It turns out that my greatest mistake wasn’t in stopping writing, but in believing I could ever stop writing. 1. What made the author decide to become a writer? A. Her interest in novels. B. A film. C. Her curiosity about surroundings. D. A habit. 2. What does the underlined word “slump” in paragraph 4 mean? A. A period of high productivity. B. A lack of motivation. C. A state of inactivity in performance. D. A sudden increase in energy. 3. What can we learn from the author’s experience? A. Never give up on your true passion. B. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. C. A good book can change people’s lives unexpectedly. D. It is possible to balance writing with life responsibilities. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者从小喜爱编故事，受电影启发立志成为作家，历经学业、生活变故多次中断写作，最终坚守这份热爱的人生经历。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Then, at fifteen, I saw the first Lord of the Rings in the cinema. It struck me like lightning. When I discovered it was adapted from a book and that entire worlds could be built with words, my path was set — to be a writer in the future. (后来，十五岁时，我在电影院看了第一部《指环王》。它像闪电一样震撼了我。当我发现它改编自一本书，文字可以搭建出完整的世界时，我的方向就确定了——将来要成为一名作家。)”可知，是一部电影让作者下定决心成为作家。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Over a period of time, I wrote crazily until my new job got even busier and my personal life broke down. Then I found myself pulling boxes of half-finished works into my childhood bedroom at twenty-six. This time, the fall was severe (在一段持续的时间内，我疯狂地写作，直到新工作变得更加繁忙，个人生活也彻底崩溃。后来，二十六岁那年，我把一箱箱半成品文稿搬到儿时的卧室。这次的低谷很严重)”可知，因为新工作繁忙和个人生活崩溃，作者不得不带着半成品文稿搬回童年的卧室，说明作者的写作陷入了长期的停滞和低谷，画线词意思应该是“低谷期，停滞状态”，与“表现不活跃的状态”意思最吻合。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者从小热爱写作，尽管在成长过程中因学业、工作和生活琐事多次被迫搁置写作，但内心的渴望促使她一次次重新拾起笔，文章最后一句“It turns out that my greatest mistake wasn’t in stopping writing, but in believing I could ever stop writing. (事实证明，我最大的错误不是停下写作，而是以为自己可以不再写作。)”是作者从这段经历中汲取到的感悟，提醒读者永远不要放弃自己真正的热爱。 B You stayed up too late scrolling through your phone, answering emails or watching just one more episode. The next morning, you feel sleepy and impatient. That dessert or sandwich suddenly looks more appealing than your usual yogurt and berries. This isn’t just about willpower. Your brain, short on rest, is pushing you toward quick, high-calorie fixes. Research shows that not enough sleep disturbs hunger signals, weakens self-control and increases the risk of weight gain. Lack of sleep affects millions. More than one-third of U. S. adults regularly get less than seven hours of sleep per night. Nearly three-quarters of adolescents fall short of the recommended 8-10 hours of sleep during the school week. First responders, including nurses, firefighters and emergency workers, are especially vulnerable due to night work and varying uncontrollable schedules. These patterns disturb the body’s internal clock and are linked to increased appetite, poor eating habits and higher risks for obesity and metabolic (新陈代谢的) disease. Studies show that after just one night of sleep deprivation, reward-related areas such as the amygdala, a part of the brain that drives motivation and reward-seeking, become more reactive to inviting food. Your brain becomes more excited by junk food and less capable of resisting it. Participants in sleep deprivation studies not only rated high-calorie foods as more desirable but were also more likely to choose them, regardless of how hungry they actually felt. Sleep is as important as diet and exercise in maintaining a healthy weight. Fortunately, even a few nights of regular, high-quality sleep can help rebalance key systems and start to reduce some of these effects. In a culture that praises hard-work and late nights, sleep is often treated as optional. So the next time you find yourself reaching for junk food after a short night, recognize that your biology is reacting to stress. Sleep is your most powerful tool for appetite control, energy regulation and long-term health. 4. Why do people prefer high-calorie food after poor sleep? A. They have a natural preference for it. B. High-calorie foods are more attractive. C. Sleep loss stimulates the brain for appetite. D. People are actually very hungry. 5. According to the passage, why are first responders more likely to suffer from sleep problems? A. Their increased appetite. B. Their lack of awareness. C. Their shift schedules. D. Their poor eating habits. 6. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. The Danger of Sleep Loss B. Sleep’s Role in Appetite Control C. The Brain’s Reward System and Sleep D. Sleep Loss and Modern Work Culture 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了睡眠不足会干扰人体饥饿信号、影响大脑奖赏区域，使人更偏爱高热量食物，说明了睡眠在食欲调控、维持健康体重方面的重要作用。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Studies show that after just one night of sleep deprivation, reward-related areas such as the amygdala, a part of the brain that drives motivation and reward-seeking, become more reactive to inviting food. Your brain becomes more excited by junk food and less capable of resisting it. (研究表明，仅仅一晚睡眠不足，大脑中与奖赏相关的区域，比如负责驱动动机和寻求奖赏的杏仁核，就会对诱人的食物反应更强烈。你的大脑会对垃圾食品更兴奋，也更难抵抗它。)”可知，睡眠缺失会刺激大脑，让大脑对食物奖赏更敏感，刺激食欲。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“First responders, including nurses, firefighters and emergency workers, are especially vulnerable due to night work and varying uncontrollable schedules. (急救人员，包括护士、消防员和应急工作人员，因为夜班以及无法自主调整的多变排班，更容易受睡眠问题困扰。)”可知，是轮班作息导致他们睡眠出问题。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。第一段引出熬夜后想吃高热量食物这一现象；第二段说明睡眠不足扰乱饥饿信号、影响食欲；第三段从大脑机制解释缺觉让人难以抗拒高热量食物；第四段点明睡眠是调控食欲、维持健康的重要手段。由此可知，本文围绕睡眠对食欲的调控作用展开，B选项“Sleep’s Role in Appetite Control (睡眠在食欲调控中的作用)”最适合作为文章标题。 C In less than two months, a newly opened minimarket in a remote village in Xigaze City, southwest China's Xizang, has attracted a large number of customers. The secret behind its success is the idea “rubbish for goods”. Villagers can redeem (兑换) goods with used cartons (硬纸盒) and drink bottles. Early in the morning, Drukhyun, the first secretary of Chumik Village, came to check the stock (库存). “More and more people are coming to redeem goods and we need to timely ensure plentiful stocks,” Drukhyun said. Yet the move was not quite well received in the beginning, until they put their eyes on the pupils. The children used recyclables in exchange for snacks and soon the news spread. Now over 100 villagers have redeemed goods with a value of over 5, 100 yuan. The market has also provided jobs for four local residents that once lived under the poverty line, each earning a monthly salary of 3, 000 yuan. Tenzin Drolma is responsible for counting and weighing the goods. “Thanks to the market, I can get such a meaningful job. Local residents are highly motivated and I'm pretty busy every day.” Since a rule of sorting the waste into categories (种类) in Lhasa was carried out in November 2020, several green markets have opened one after another. In another similar supermarket in Lhasa, the shelves are filled with edible oil, washing liquid, toothpaste and other daily products. All the products are only available by redeeming points. One kilogram of plastic waste can be redeemed for 13 points while one kilogram of cartons is worth of 5 points. Technology has also made the low-carbon lifestyle smarter and cleaner. In a community in Lhasa's Chengguan District, the intelligent recycling bins can calculate the weight and upload (上传) the redeemed points to cards of local residents. “When the trash bins are full, it will automatically remind the cleaning staff to empty them,” said Pendran, director of the district's waste sorting office. 7. What do we know about the minimarket in Xizang? A. It was an immediate success when first founded. B. It began to spread with the help the local kids. C. It was not accepted for environmental damage. D. It allowed villagers to buy daily goods with cash. 8. How does the minimarket affect the local area? A. It starts the local rule of waste sorting. B. It helps the locals get rid of poverty. C. It offers more diverse goods for the locals. D. It provides employment opportunities. 9. What is Tenzin Drolma's attitude towards the minimarket? A. Appreciative. B. Worried. C. Disapproving. D. Uncertain. 10. What can the intelligent cycling bins do? A. Make cards for local residents. B. Sort the waste into several categories. C. Figure out the value of the recycles. D. Remind the residents to empty the bin. 【答案】7. B 8. D 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。西藏自治区的一个偏远村庄新开的小市场吸引了大量顾客。（人们可以用）垃圾兑换商品，这是其（该市场）成功的秘诀。 【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Yet the move was not quite well received in the beginning, until they put their eyes on the pupils. The children used recyclables in exchange for snacks and soon the news spread. ”(一开始这个举措并不太受欢迎，直到他们把目光投向了学生。不久之后，孩子用可回收材料换取零食消息很快就在村庄里传开了。)可知，在当地孩子的帮助下，它开始传播。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The market has also provided jobs for four local residents that once lived under the poverty line, each earning a monthly salary of 3, 000 yuan.”(该市场还为4位曾经生活在贫困线以下的当地居民提供了就业机会，他们每个人的月薪为3000元)可知，小市场对当地的影响是它提供就业机会。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Thanks to the market, I can get such a meaningful job. ”(多亏了市场，我能得到一份如此有意义的工作。)可知，Tenzin Drolma对此举措是心怀感激的。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In a community in Lhasa's Chengguan District, the intelligent recycling bins can calculate the weight and upload (上传) the redeemed points to cards of local residents. ”(在拉萨城关区的一个社区，智能回收箱可以计算重量，并将积分上传到当地居民的卡上。)可知，智能回收箱可以计算回收物的价值。故选C。 第二节 语句排序（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 11. 将下列几个部分（A、B、C、D和E）按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。 A. The assumption reflects what psychologists call a fixed mindset, which they suggest can be dangerous, as it often leads to a fear of failure and a tendency to give up easily when facing difficulties. B. The simple shift in attitude — from fearing failure to embracing challenges — is what ultimately separates those who achieve greatness from those who settle for being ordinary. C. For a long time, many people believed that success was primarily the result of talent or high intelligence. D. Therefore, cultivating a growth mindset is essential for anyone who wishes to achieve long-term success and resilience in the face of life’s obstacles. E. In contrast, those with a “growth mindset” view challenges as opportunities to learn and improve, believing that abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work. ________→________→________→________→________ 【答案】 ①. C ②. A ③. E ④. B ⑤. D 【解析】 【导语】文章对比固定型思维与成长型思维，指出害怕失败的弊端，主张接纳挑战，培养成长型思维，助力长久成功。 【详解】1.本句先引出大众长期以来认为成功主要源于天赋或高智商的普遍认知，作为开篇背景引入，C选项“长期以来，很多人认为成功主要来源于天赋或者高智商”排序第一； 2.本句承接C的观点，指出该认知对应的是固定型思维，并点明其弊端，A选项“这一假设体现了心理学家所称的固定型思维。他们认为这种思维存在隐患，因为它常常让人惧怕失败，并且在遇到困难时容易选择放弃”排序第二； 3.本句对比介绍成长型思维，E选项“与之相反，拥有“成长型思维”的人把挑战看作学习和提升的机会，相信能力可以通过投入和努力得到提升”排序第三； 4.本句点明态度转变带来的差距，B选项“仅仅是心态上的转变——从畏惧失败到接纳挑战——最终区分出成就不凡的人和甘于平庸的人”排序第四； 5.本句总结，提出培养成长型思维很重要，D选项“因此，对于想要获得长久成功、在人生困境前拥有抗挫力的人来说，培养成长型思维至关重要”排序第五。 第三节 选句填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 During your teenage years, your body goes through many changes, and you may or may not like how your body develops. You start forming an image of your body. ___12___ You can develop either a positive or negative body image, depending on your mindset. One of the major contributors of a negative body image is peer pressure. Even if you do not think you are being bullied by your group of friends, you may be laughed at casually about your appearance or you may simply notice that they seem more “perfect” than you. This can have a negative impact on your body image. ___13___ Often, an ideal body type is promoted heavily on social networks. Culture may also have a negative impact on one’s body image. If your culture values a particular body image, then that would make you unhappy if you don’t match it. A negative body image increases the risk of unhealthy behaviors like extreme dieting, overeating, over exercising, isolation, and risky surgeries. It also lowers life satisfaction and can lead to unhappiness. ___14___ To have a more positive body image, first accept that we are all unique individuals. Imagine if everyone looked the same, the world would be a boring place. ___15___ Beauty standards keep changing all the time. What’s more, models and celebrities you see in the media may look “perfect” for the era, but, in fact, much of it is due to makeup, angles and lighting and Photoshop! ___16___ Avoid commenting on others’ looks, and you will stop criticizing yourself too. If you have peers who constantly comment about your appearance, it might be time to re-evaluate the company you keep. Remember, your body image is simply YOUR perception (感知) of your body. This means YOU have the power to change this, even if you do not have the ability to change the perception of others. A. Your body image is influenced by many factors. B. Another major factor is what is shown in the media. C. It is simply how you see, think and feel about yourself. D. More importantly, there is no such thing as a perfect body. E. In general, the key to a positive body image is self-acceptance. F. Also, instead of focusing on appearances, learn to value people for who they really are. G. Over focusing on appearance can stop you from appreciating your other positive qualities. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. E 15. D 16. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是身体形象以及应该如何正确看待身体形象。 【12题详解】 根据上文“During your teenage years, your body goes through many changes, and you may or may not like how your body develops. You start forming an image of your body.(在青少年时期，你的身体会经历很多变化，你可能喜欢也可能不喜欢你身体的发育方式。你开始形成自己身体的形象)”可知，本句承接上文，解释什么是身体形象。故C选项“简单地说，就是你如何看待、思考和感受自己”符合语境，故选C。 【13题详解】 根据上文“One of the major contributors of a negative body image is peer pressure. Even if you do not think you are being bullied by your group of friends, you may be laughed at casually about your appearance or you may simply notice that they seem more “perfect” than you. This can have a negative impact on your body image.(负面身体形象的主要原因之一是同伴压力。即使你认为你没有被你的一群朋友欺负，你可能会随意被嘲笑你的外表，或者你可能只是注意到他们看起来比你更“完美”。这会对你的身体形象产生负面影响)”以及后文“Often, an ideal body type is promoted heavily on social networks.(通常，理想的体型在社交网络上被大力宣传)”可知，后文主要说明了社交网络导致了负面身体形象，B选项中media对应后文social networks。故B选项“另一个主要因素是媒体所展示的内容”符合语境，故选B。 【14题详解】 根据上文“A negative body image increases the risk of unhealthy behaviors like extreme dieting, overeating, over exercising, isolation, and risky surgeries. It also lowers life satisfaction and can lead to unhappiness.(负面的身体形象会增加不健康行为的风险，比如极端节食、暴饮暴食、过度锻炼、孤立和危险的手术。它还会降低生活满意度，导致不快乐)”以及下一段“To have a more positive body image, first accept that we are all unique individuals.(要有一个更积极的身体形象，首先要接受我们都是独特的个体)”可知，上文主要说明了负面身体形象导致的负面影响，下一段提出了如何拥有积极的身体形象，故E选项“总的来说，积极的身体形象的关键是自我接纳”符合语境，故选E。 【15题详解】 根据上文“To have a more positive body image, first accept that we are all unique individuals. Imagine if everyone looked the same, the world would be a boring place.(要有一个更积极的身体形象，首先要接受我们都是独特的个体。想象一下，如果每个人看起来都一样，这个世界将是一个无聊的地方)”以及后文“Beauty standards keep changing all the time. What’s more, models and celebrities you see in the media may look “perfect” for the era, but, in fact, much of it is due to makeup, angles and lighting and Photoshop!(审美标准一直在变化。更重要的是，你在媒体上看到的模特和名人可能看起来“完美”，但事实上，这很大程度上是由于化妆、角度、灯光和PS！)”可知，上文指出每个人看起来一样世界将会变得无聊，后文指出审美标准一直在变化，说明没有完全完美的身体，因为审美标准一直在变化。故D选项“更重要的是，没有完美的身材”符合语境，故选D。 【16题详解】 根据后文“Avoid commenting on others’ looks, and you will stop criticizing yourself too. If you have peers who constantly comment about your appearance, it might be time to re-evaluate the company you keep.(避免评论别人的长相，你也会停止批评自己。如果你的同龄人经常评论你的外表，也许是时候重新评估一下你的伙伴了)”可知，本段主要说明了不应该评论别人的长相，即不要只关注外表，故F选项“另外，不要只关注外表，要学会珍视人们的内在”符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 综合应用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When I was fourteen, my brother Barney and I started to climb The Tooth with our uncle, Tom Campbell. Tom was a (n) ____17____ mountaineer, who taught us the basics of climbing. That morning, we hiked through an ancient forest, ____18____ northwestwards. Leaping from one rock to the next, we gradually ____19____ the destination. Directly ahead was a wall of rock. Tom ____20____ over a gap to the rock face, climbed up a while, and found a good ____21____ where he could use holds to support the next climber. He tied the rope firmly between himself and Barney, yelling, “Climb!” Barney looked to his left with a slight ____22____, then he moved slowly and cautiously forward. I watched his moves carefully, so I could use the same ____23____ he used. But I was ____24____, wondering what was taking him so long. Finally, it was my turn. I stepped up to the gap edge, and began to move to the cliff. However, when I ____25____, I was absolutely terrified. The cliff plunged straight down for what looked like a thousand feet deep. ____26____ my legs began to shake. “Come on,” they encouraged. Inspired, I ____27____ myself across the gap, struggling to resist the pull of the abyss below. When I finally reached them, my mouth was as dry as a ____28____. Enjoying a good ____29____ at the top of the mountain, I felt proud that I had overcome my fear. Hard work will ____30____ eventually. Those who have reached the peak will find ____31____ that lasts a lifetime. 17. A. strict B. experienced C. humorous D. optimistic 18. A. escaping B. wandering C. heading D. fleeing 19. A. spotted B. approached C. confirmed D. lost 20. A. traced B. bent C. jumped D. hung 21. A. opportunity B. landscape C. barrier D. position 22. A. hesitation B. passion C. relief D. distraction 23. A. devices B. sticks C. gloves D. holds 24. A. afraid B. concerned C. impatient D. delighted 25. A. climbed up B. thought over C. set off D. glanced down 26. A. Then B. Still C. Eventually D. Nevertheless 27. A. willed B. accepted C. appreciated D. conducted 28. A. volcano B. desert C. plain D. glacier 29. A. entertainment B. remark C. view D. meal 30. A. carry on B. pay off C. take over D. figure out 31. A. property B. emotion C. strength D. treasure 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者十四岁时和哥哥以及叔叔一起攀登The Tooth山峰的经历，在这个过程中作者克服了恐惧，最终到达山顶，领悟到只要努力就会有所收获。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：汤姆是一位经验丰富的登山家，他教会了我们攀岩的基础知识。A. strict严格的；B. experienced有经验的；C. humorous幽默的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据下文“who taught us the basics of climbing”可知，汤姆教他们登山的基础知识，说明他有登山经验。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：那天早上，我们徒步穿越一片古老的森林，朝着西北方向行进。A. escaping逃跑；B. wandering徘徊；C. heading前往；D. fleeing逃离。根据上文“my brother Barney and I started to climb The Tooth with our uncle”可知，出发登山后，自然是朝着目的地行进。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：我们从一块岩石跳到另一块岩石，渐渐靠近了目的地。A. spotted发现；B. approached接近；C. confirmed确认；D. lost失去。根据上文“Leaping from one rock to the next”和下文“Directly ahead was a wall of rock”可知，从徒步穿过森林到正前方出现岩壁，说明是逐渐靠近目的地。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：汤姆跃过一道缝隙，落到岩壁上，向上爬了一会儿，找到了一个不错的位置，在那里他可以借助抓点支撑下一位攀岩者。A. traced追踪；B. bent弯曲；C. jumped跳跃；D. hung悬挂。根据下文“over a gap to the rock face”可知，汤姆跳过一个缺口，来到岩壁上。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。A. opportunity机会；B. landscape风景；C. barrier障碍；D. position位置。根据下文“where he could use holds to support the next climber”可知，汤姆找到了一个很好的位置，在那里他可以用支点来支撑下一个攀登者。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：巴尼略带犹豫地看向左边，然后缓慢而谨慎地向前移动。A. hesitation犹豫；B. passion激情；C. relief宽慰；D. distraction分心。根据下文“then he moved slowly and cautiously forward”可知，缓慢且谨慎的动作前，通常会伴随犹豫。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：我仔细观察他的动作，这样我就可以用他用过的支点。A. devices设备；B. sticks棍子；C. gloves手套；D. holds支点。根据上文“where he could use holds to support the next climber”可知，攀岩中“holds”指“支点（供手抓握的凸起处）”，上文已明确提及，此处使用相同的支点符合攀岩场景的连贯性。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但我很不耐烦，不知道他为什么花了这么长时间。A. afraid害怕的；B. concerned关心的；C. impatient不耐烦的；D. delighted高兴的。根据下文“wondering what was taking him so long”可知，作者对他人动作耗时久感到疑惑，体现出不耐烦的情绪。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：然而，当我向下瞥了一眼时，彻底吓坏了。A. climbed up爬上；B. thought over仔细考虑；C. set off出发；D. glanced down往下看。根据下文“The cliff plunged straight down for what looked like a thousand feet deep.”可知，只有向下看才能发现悬崖的深度。 【26题详解】 考查副词。句意：接着，我的双腿开始发抖。A. Then然后；B. Still仍然；C. Eventually终于；D. Nevertheless然而。根据下文“my legs began to shake”可知，作者往下看，然后腿开始发抖。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：受到鼓舞，我决心跨过这个缺口，努力抵抗下面深渊的拉力。A. willed决心；B. accepted接受；C. appreciated欣赏；D. conducted实施。根据下文“myself across the gap”可知，作者决心跨过这个缺口。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：当我终于爬到他们身边时，嘴里干得像沙漠一样。A. volcano火山；B. desert沙漠；C. plain平原；D. glacier冰川。根据上文“my mouth was as dry as ”可知，作者很紧张，嘴干得像沙漠一样。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：在山顶欣赏美景，我为自己克服了恐惧而感到自豪。A. entertainment娱乐；B. remark评论；C. view风景；D. meal一餐。根据下文“at the top of the mountain”可知，山顶通常能欣赏到风景。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：努力最终会有回报的。A. carry on继续；B. pay off取得成功，得到回报；C. take over接管；D. figure out弄清楚。根据上文“I felt proud that I had overcome my fear.”可知，克服恐惧是上文努力的结果。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：那些抵达顶峰的人，会找到一种伴随生命始终的财富。A. property财产；B. emotion情感；C. strength力量；D. treasure财富。根据上文“Those who have reached the peak will find”以及作者登顶后的感受可知，此处指那些到达顶峰的人会发现，克服困难后会获得终身受益的财富。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Thanks to social media recommendations, Zibo barbecue has become an overnight hit, with large numbers of visitors ____32____ (pour) to the city on weekends. People joked that the last time so many people showed up in the city ____33____ (be) during the Siege (围攻) of Qi, a famous battle in the area in 284 BC. Taking advantage of ____34____ barbecue craze, Zibo has gone all out to promote local tourism resources, while working to ensure the ____35____ (safe) of visitors and the quality of tourism products. Many areas have been changed into dining halls for the massed crowds. ____36____ (ease) restrictions on the supplies of meat and grills, local banks have started handing out low-interest loans designed ____37____ (special) for barbecue-related industries. This barbecue fever in Zibo should be helping China recover from its zero-covid era. Since the end of zero-covid, many tourists have described ____38____ (they) as “special-ops” travelers. This means dropping into a location, spending as little time and money as possible, ____39____ then moving on to the next spot. Zibo barbecue has been one of the top items to tick off from travel lists. People eat and drink at low tables ____40____ a small stove heated by coal. The craze is about more than the simple food. _____41_____ people across the country are seeking out in Zibo is Shandong’s big-hearted hospitality. 【答案】32. pouring 33. was 34. the 35. safety 36. To ease 37. specially 38. themselves 39. and 40. with 41. What 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍社交媒体助推淄博烧烤爆火，大量游客涌入，淄博借烧烤热潮大力发展文旅，出台举措保障游客安全、扶持相关产业，同时介绍“特种兵式旅游”现象，指出淄博走红不只是美食，更是山东人的热情好客打动全国游客。 【32题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：得益于社交媒体的推荐，淄博烧烤一夜爆火，周末有大量游客涌向这座城市。此处为“with +宾语+非谓语”的with复合结构；visitors与pour是逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。 【33题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：有人打趣说，这座城市上一次迎来这么多人，还是公元前284年当地著名的战役——济西之战（齐城之围）的时候。that引导宾语从句，主语the last time为单数；叙述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；be用was。 【34题详解】 考查冠词。句意：趁着这股烧烤热潮，淄博全力推广本地旅游资源，同时着力保障游客安全以及旅游产品质量。此处特指上文提到的淄博烧烤这股热潮，用定冠词the。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：趁着这股烧烤热潮，淄博全力推广本地旅游资源，同时着力保障游客安全以及旅游产品质量。空处用名词safety，作宾语，意为“安全”。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为放宽肉类与烤架的供应限制，当地银行开始发放专为烧烤相关行业设计的低息贷款。此处表行为的目的，用动词不定式，句首单词首字母大写。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：为放宽肉类与烤架的供应限制，当地银行开始发放专为烧烤相关行业设计的低息贷款。修饰过去分词designed需要副词，specially副词意为“专门地”。 【38题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：自动态清零结束之后，许多游客把自己称作“特种兵式”旅行者。主语many tourists和宾语指代同一批人，用反身代词themselves。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：这指的是到访一个地点，尽可能少花费时间与金钱，然后奔赴下一个地点。dropping，spending，moving on是三个并列动作，用and连接最后两个动作。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：人们在配有燃煤小烤炉的矮桌吃喝。此处表示“带有、配有”，用介词with“带有；配备有”，后接名词构成介词短语作后置定语修饰tables。 【41题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：全国各地的人们在淄博所追寻的是山东人慷慨的待客之道。此空引导主语从句，在从句中作seeking out的宾语，表示“……的事物”，用what引导，位于句首大写首字母。 第四部分 词汇基础（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 词义匹配（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 42. The teacher explained the rule again, but it still didn’t make sense to the confused students. A. be clearly understood B. become meaningless C. sound interesting D. cause trouble 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师再次解释了这条规则，但困惑的学生仍然无法理解。A. be clearly understood被清楚地理解；B. become meaningless变得无意义；C. sound interesting听起来有趣；D. cause trouble惹麻烦。根据to the confused students可知，此处表示学生仍然理解不了，make sense表示“讲得通，可被理解”，与be clearly understood意义相近。 43. Some friends spent the dinner bending over their phones but ignoring the ones who sat right in front of them. A. breaking phones apart B. turning phones upside down C. leaning over the table D. leaning forward to look 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：一些朋友在吃晚饭时低头看手机，却忽略了坐在他们正前方的人。A. breaking phones apart把手机拆开；B. turning phones upside down翻转手机；C. leaning over the table俯身在桌子上；D. leaning forward to look向前倾身去看。bending over意为“俯身，弯腰”，结合语境指“低头/俯身看手机”，与leaning forward to look意思最相近。 44. Everyone is encouraged to contribute to the class project by sharing their creative ideas. A. take part in B. play a part in C. look forward to D. give up on 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：鼓励每个人通过分享他们的创意来为班级项目做贡献。A. take part in参加；B. play a part in在……中起作用/参与；C. look forward to期待；D. give up on放弃。根据“the class project by sharing their creative ideas(通过分享他们的创意来为班级项目……)”可知划线短语后文提到了班级项目，还提到了分享他们的创意，可推理出画线短语的含义为“为……做贡献”，与B项“play a part in在……中起作用/参与”含义相同。 45. After discussing for hours, we finally managed to work out a practical plan for the school festival. A. give away B. put off C. figure out D. break down 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：经过几个小时的讨论，我们终于设法为学校艺术节制定出了一个切实可行的计划。A. give away泄露；B. put off推迟；C. figure out想出；D. break down出故障。由a practical plan可知，划线短语work out意为“制定出，想出”，与figure out意思相近。 46. The whole argument actually boils down to one simple question: who will pay for the trip? A. comes down to B. turns out to be C. makes up for D. gets away from 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：整个争论实际上归结为一个简单的问题：谁来为这次旅行买单？A. come down to 归结为，核心在于；B. turn out to be 结果是；C. make up for 弥补；D. get away from 逃离。题干中划线短语boil down to意为“归结为”，与come down to意思相近。 47. Since the weather was terrible, we decided to stay in and watch a movie instead of going out. A. run into B. leave for C. check out D. remain indoors 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：因为天气太糟糕了，我们决定待在家里看电影，而不是出去。A. run into偶然遇见；B. leave for动身去；C. check out结账离开；D. remain indoors留在室内。由Since the weather was terrible可知，划线部分stay in意为“待在家里/室内”，与选项remain indoors意思相近。 48. The government has set out a new environmental programme to handle waste problem. A. has set apart B. has launched C. has arranged D. has set aside 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：政府已经推出一项新的环保项目来处理垃圾问题。A. has set apart留出；B. has launched发起，推出；C. has arranged安排；D. has set aside搁置，留出。set out在此处意为“提出，开展”，与launch意思相近，均可表示启动或推出一项计划。 49. We need to buy a couple of things at the supermarket before heading back home. A. a range of B. a few C. a variety of D. piles of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：在回家之前，我们需要在超市买几样东西。A. a range of一系列的；B. a few几个；C. a variety of各种各样的；D. piles of一堆。a couple of意为“几个，两三个”，与a few意思相近。 50. We should take steps to save endangered animals and plants. A. follow someone’s path B. walk up stairs C. take action to achieve D. count one’s footsteps 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们应该采取措施拯救濒危动植物。A. follow someone’s path追随某人的道路；B. walk up stairs上楼；C. take action to achieve采取行动去达成；D. count one’s footsteps数脚步。短语take steps表示“采取措施、行动”，和take action to achieve含义匹配。 51. The young athlete’s extraordinary performance in the game surprised all the audience. A. very unusual and impressive B. quite ordinary C. extremely disappointing D. totally practical 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位年轻运动员在比赛中非凡的表现让所有观众都感到惊讶。A. very unusual and impressive非常不寻常且令人印象深刻的；B. quite ordinary相当普通的；C. extremely disappointing极其令人失望的；D. totally practical完全实用的。由语意可知，surprised all the audience表示表现让观众惊讶，划线词extraordinary意为“非凡的、卓越的”，very unusual and impressive与之意思相近。 第二节 单词拼写（每空1分，满分10分） 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，用单词的恰当形式填空，并把完整单词填写在答题卷相应的位置上。 52. On ________ (平均值), students in our class spend about two hours on homework every evening.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】 average 【解析】 【详解】句意：平均而言，我们班的学生每天晚上花大约两个小时做作业。根据汉语提示“平均值”可知，应填入名词average。固定搭配on average意为“平均”。 53. The government is taking measures to address the _____________ (威胁) of rising sea levels. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】threat 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：政府正在采取措施应对海平面上升的威胁。根据汉语提示“威胁”可知，空格处涉及单词“threat”，意为“威胁”，为可数名词，句中特指海平面上升的威胁，故应用其单数形式，作宾语。故填threat。 54. Despite the heavy rain and the bad traffic, she remained ________ (乐观的) that they would arrive at the airport on time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】 optimistic 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管下着大雨，交通状况也很糟糕，但她依然对他们能准时到达机场保持乐观。“乐观的”是optimistic，在句中作系动词remained的表语。 55. It is universally acknowledged that a person’s eating habits and daily ________ (行为) can greatly affect their health.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】 behavior##behaviour 【解析】 【详解】句意：全世界公认，一个人的饮食习惯和日常行为能极大地影响他们的健康。设空处与前面的eating habits并列，作从句的主语，被形容词daily修饰。表示“行为”用名词behavior/behaviour。 56. The lecture by Professor Linda, an environmental expert, was really ________ (知识性强的); we learned a lot about challenges the world is facing now. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】 informative 【解析】 【详解】句意：环境专家琳达教授的讲座真的很有知识性；我们学到了很多关于世界目前面临的挑战的知识。根据汉语提示“知识性强的”可知，应填入形容词 informative，在句中作表语，修饰主语The lecture。 57. Supermarkets have to make sure their goods reach c________ in the best condition, so the food packaging waste problem arises. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】customers##ustomers##consumers##onsumers 【解析】 【详解】句意：超市必须确保商品以最佳状态送达顾客/消费者手中，因此食品包装浪费问题随之产生。设空处作动词reach的宾语，根据首字母和句意，此处表示“顾客”，应用名词customer；或者表示“消费者”用consumers，二者皆符合句意，同时此处表示复数意义，故需用复数形式customers/consumers。 58. He never stopped c________ his dream in his energetic years. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】chasing##hasing 【解析】 【详解】句意：在精力充沛的岁月里，他从未停下追逐梦想的脚步。结合首字母提示及句意可知，空处为动词chase，chase one’s dream是常用表达，意为“追逐梦想”，固定结构stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，此处需要填入动名词形式chasing。 59. The sudden heavy storm r________ our homeland, causing many houses to collapse. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】ruined##uined 【解析】 【详解】句意：这场突如其来的暴风雨毁坏了我们的家园，造成许多房屋倒塌。根据提示的首字母以及句意可知，此处为动词ruin，句子描述已经发生的事情，用一般过去时，此空填ruined，意为“毁坏”。 60. As an i________ figure in the field of artificial intelligence, Professor Smith has published dozens of highly cited papers.(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】influential##nfluential 【解析】 【详解】句意：作为人工智能领域一位有影响力的人物，史密斯教授发表了数十篇高被引论文。结合published dozens of highly cited papers可知，此处表示史密斯教授是人工智能领域一位有影响力的人物，空处修饰名词figure，应用形容词influential作定语。 61. He felt deeply a________ of his rude behavior at the dinner table last night, so he apologized to his hostess immediately. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】ashamed##shamed 【解析】 【详解】句意：他对昨晚餐桌上自己的粗鲁行为深感羞愧，所以立刻向女主人道了歉。根据首字母和he apologized to his hostess immediately可知，对自己的粗鲁行为感到羞愧，用ashamed(羞愧的)，作表语。 第五部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 完成句子（每小题5分，满分15分） 根据所给中文用合适的英文完成句子翻译。 62. 我第一次尝试向听众讲解科学时，紧张得几乎无法专注于自己正在讲的内容。(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The first time I attempted to explain science to the audience, I was so nervous that I could hardly concentrate on what I was talking about. 【解析】 【详解】“第一次”表达为the first time，可作连词引导时间状语从句；“尝试”表达为动词attempt，“尝试做某事”为attempt to do sth.；“向听众讲解科学”表达为explain science to the audience。主句中“紧张的”为形容词nervous，使用so...that...(如此……以至于)引导结果状语从句；“几乎无法”表达为could hardly；“专注于”为concentrate on；“自己正在讲的内容”用what引导宾语从句作介词on的宾语，从句描述当时正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，表达为what I was talking about。 63. 我倾向于把自己逼到极限，大多数人认为这是不健康的。(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I tend to push myself to the limit, which most people consider unhealthy. 【解析】 【详解】“倾向于”表达为动词短语tend to，“把自己逼到极限”表达为push myself to the limit，结合句意可知，此句陈述的是个人的日常习惯或普遍状态，因此主句使用一般现在时，即I tend to push myself to the limit；“大多数人”表达为 most people ，“认为”用动词consider；“这”指代前面“把自己逼到极限”这一整个主句的内容，表达为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句并在从句中作consider的宾语，因此用关系代词which引导，“不健康的”表示为unhealthy，作consider的宾语补足语，从句同样陈述普遍事实，使用一般现在时，即which most people consider unhealthy。 64. 在过去的5亿年里，地球上的生命曾五次濒临灭绝。(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Over the past 500 million years, life on Earth has come close to extinction five times. 【解析】 【详解】 “在过去的5亿年里”表达为Over the past 500 million years，该短语是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，指代从过去持续到当前的时间范围。 “地球上的生命”表达为life on Earth，此处life泛指地球所有生命的集合，为不可数泛指概念，无需加冠词。“曾五次濒临灭绝”表达为has come close to extinction five times，其中“濒临”对应固定搭配come close to，后接名词，“灭绝”对应核心名词extinction；因主语life为单数第三人称，结合时间状语要求的现在完成时结构，助动词用has，匹配“从过去到现在累计发生五次事件”的语义。 第二节 应用文写作（满分25分） 65. 假定你是班长李华。毕业十周年将至，班级计划举办毕业十周年（anniversary）聚会活动，请你代表班级写一封邮件，邀请外教David参加。内容包括： 1. 活动时间、地点及活动内容； 2. 感谢外教曾经的付出，并期待他的到来。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Dear David, I am Li Hua, monitor of our class. With our 10th graduation anniversary approaching, I am writing to cordially invite you to our class reunion. The celebration is scheduled for January 20th, 2026, at 7:00 p.m. We will gather in the Grand Ballroom of the Garden Hotel. The evening promises to be filled with joy, featuring a delightful dinner, a photo slideshow reviewing our wonderful high school memories, and various interactive games. We owe a great deal of our growth to you. Not only did your unique teaching style and constant encouragement improve our English, but also they broadened our horizons. It would mean a lot to us to have you there to share this milestone moment. We eagerly await your arrival! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生代表班级，给外教David写一封邮件，邀请他参加班级计划举办的毕业十周年聚会活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 临近：approach → draw near 精彩的：wonderful → brilliant 各种各样的：various → a variety of 提升：improve → enhance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With our 10th graduation anniversary approaching, I am writing to cordially invite you to our class reunion. 拓展句：With our 10th graduation anniversary approaching, I am writing to cordially invite you to our class reunion which we have long expected. 【点睛】【高分句型1】With our 10th graduation anniversary approaching, I am writing to cordially invite you to our class reunion. (运用了现在分词approaching作宾语补足语，动词不定式to invite作目的状语) 【高分句型2】Not only did your unique teaching style and constant encouragement improve our English, but also they broadened our horizons. (运用了not only置于句首，句子使用部分倒装结构) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $