精品解析：天津市西青区张家窝中学2026-2027学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题

2026-2027高三英语第一学期期中考试 一、听力 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman? A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30. 4. How does the woman go to work? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman regret? A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now? A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man? A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver. 9. What is the man doing for the woman? A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening? A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend. C. Work extra hours. 12. Who is Alice going to call? A. Mike. B. Joan. C. Catherine. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the woman meet the man? A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together. 14. What does the woman like about the carpet? A. Its color. B. Its design. C. Its quality. 15. What does the man say about the kitchen? A. It’s a good size. B. It’s newly painted. C. It’s adequately equipped. 16. What will the woman probably do next? A. Go downtown. B. Talk with her friend. C. Make payment. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Movie fans. B. News reporters. C. College students. 18. When did the speaker take English classes? A. Before he left his hometown. B. After he came to America. C. When he was 15 years old. 19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher? A. He’s proud. B. He’s sympathetic. C. He’s grateful. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. How education shaped his life. B. How his language skills improved. C. How he managed his business well. 二、单项选择。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. — Would you mind showing the new students around the campus? — ________. I’ll do it right away. A. Yes, I would B. Help yourself C. Go ahead D. Of course not 2. His vivid descriptions of country life quickly became popular, which established his _____________as one of America's greatest writers. A. trust B. contact C. reputation D. theory 3. When Sarah started her new job, she found it challenging to________ the fast-paced work environment. A. adapt to B. react to C. attend to D. live up to 4. The musician along with his band members ________ ten performances in the last three months. A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give 5. The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ________ get a big prize. A. must B. shall C. would D. could 6. My family and I in Beijing for about two months last year. A. stayed B. have stayed C. had stayed D. would stay 7. I was so nervous before the presentation. ________ all afternoon. A. I had a frog in my throat B. I had butterflies in my stomach C. I was ready to throw in the towel D. I was behind the wheel 8. Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 9. Who can think of a situation __________ this idiom can be used? A. which B. that C. where D. in that 10. I think _______ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. A. what B. that C. which D. who 11. (2015·陕西) ____________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. A. Why B. When C. That D. What 12. ___________ the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached 13. The teacher raised his voice _______ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order 14. ___________ studies hard will pass the examination. A. Whoever B. Any student C. Who D. Those who 15. The dancing club in our community welcomes all new members, ______ age or gender. A. by means of B. instead of C. on account of D. regardless of 三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） An elementary school in Scotland gave its students a special present. Instead of being asked to do different kinds of homework or book reports, the children did acts of ____16____, which is a much more ____17____ lesson. The children ____18____ Galsoil School in Clonty performed these kind acts in December and ____19____ their acts in writing or pictures in a Kindness diary. In the project, the teachers ____20____ the students to do kind deeds for an elderly neighbor or a friend who is feeling ____21____, any act that helped to ____22____ someone’s day. The students were also encouraged to write kind notes to each other that were read at a ____23____ every week and all the classes got together to discuss and ____24____ a school-wide project to help the community during the holiday season. “We are _____25_____ our pupils to think of the real _____26_____ of New Year — kindness and giving,” vice principal said. “There is nobody in this world who wouldn’t _____27_____ from an act of kindness, and _____28_____ the joy of kindness is that it _____29_____ nothing. A student Andy said, “Kindness is about making people’s lives _____30_____ by changing little things, or doing little nice things to make a _____31_____ to people around.” The children made a lot of _____32_____ to their grandparents and to seniors in the community to _____33_____ with them over the phone, relieving their loneliness. What the children have learned about kindness is far more _____34_____ than reading, writing, and math. Even the youngest students have _____35_____ much. 16. A. appreciation B. reading C. kindness D. drawing 17. A. demanding B. valuable C. reliable D. previous 18. A. attending B. leaving C. visiting D. interviewing 19. A. conducted B. spread C. broadcast D. recorded 20. A. permitted B. advised C. promised D. begged 21. A. lonely B. guilty C. enthusiastic D. awkward 22. A. promise B. control C. describe D. brighten 23. A. meeting B. concert C. hospital D. station 24. A. live up to B. come up with C. keep up with D. look up to 25. A. pushing B. forcing C. inspiring D. warning 26. A. origin B. traditions C. characteristics D. spirit 27. A. suffer B. benefit C. recover D. separate 28. A. definitely B. strangely C. gradually D. unluckily 29. A. produces B. costs C. deserves D. holds 30. A. richer B. busier C. better D. safer 31. A. choice B. decision C. collection D. difference 32. A. calls B. gifts C. cards D. plans 33. A. compromise B. interpret C. chat D. negotiate 34. A. enjoyable B. popular C. formal D. important 35. A. observed B. shared C. gained D. discussed 四、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Austin Children’s Museum This 7,000-square-foot museum aims to entertain and educate children up to age 9. In its Global City exhibit, people can go shopping for groceries, order lunch at a diner, pretend that they’re doctors or construction workers, and more. In other fun exhibits, they learn about Austin’s history, explore the world of water, and experience life on a large Texas farm. Open time: From Tuesday to Saturday, 10:00 a.m.～5:00 p.m. On Sunday, 12:00 a.m.～5:00 p.m. Address: 201 Colorado St, Austin, Texas 78701 Phone: 512-4722499 Brooklyn Children’s Museum Founded in 1899, it is the world’s oldest children’s museum, featuring interactive exhibits, workshops, and special events. The Mystery of Things teaches children about cultural and scientific objects and Music Mix welcomes young virtuosos (名家). Open time: From Wednesday to Friday, 2:00 p.m.～5:00 p.m. On Saturday and Sunday, 10:00 a.m.～5:00 p.m. Address: 145 Brooklyn Ave, Brooklyn, New York 1213 Phone: 718-7354400 Children’s Discovery Museum This museum’s hand-on exhibits explore the relationships between the natural and the created worlds, and among people of different cultures and times. Exhibits include Streets, a 5/8-scale copy of an actual city, with streets lights, and waterworks, which shows how pumps can move water through a reservoir system. Open time: From Monday to Saturday, 10:00 a.m.～5:00 p.m. On Sunday, from noon. Closed on holidays. Address: 180 Woz Way, Guadalupe River Park, San Jose, California 95110 Phone: 408-2985437 Children’s Museum of Indianapolis This museum is the largest of its kind. Exhibits cover science, culture, space, history, and explorations. Among them are the Space Quest Planetarium (additional fee), the 33-foot-high Water Clock, the Playscape gallery for preschools, and the Dinosphere exhibit, along with hand-on science exhibits. The largest gallery, the Center for Exploration, is designed for ages 12 and up. Open time: From Tuesday to Sunday, 10:00 a.m.～5:00 p.m. Closed on Thanksgiving Day and December 25. Address: 3000 N Meridian St, Indianapolis, Indiana 46208 Phone: 317-3343322 36. Suppose that December 25 is Tuesday, which of the following museums can you visit? A. Austin Children’s Museum. B. Brooklyn Children’s Museum. C. Children’s Discovery Museum. D. Children’s Museum of Indianapolis. 37. If you want to see how pumps can move water through a reservoir system, you should visit the museum in _______. A. Texas B. New York C. California D. Indiana 38. After entering the museum you need to pay an additional fee to see _______. A. the Center for Exploration B. the Space Quest Planetarium C. the Global City exhibit D. Waterworks 39. Which of the following is not exhibited in Children’s Museum of Indianapolis? A. culture B. history C. explorations D. special events 40. The purpose of writing this passage is to _______. A. ask adults to visit museums B. compare some museums and decide which one is the best C. introduce some museums and encourage parents to visit them with their children D. introduce some exhibits and museums to foreigners B After her son competed at an international science fair, Lisa Ranney found that the fair could greatly make her son fond of science and learn about science. And then she began encouraging her students to attend it. And after learning about the Society for Science & the Public’s and Equity Programs, she began promoting science fair participation to underserved students. Lisa was a science and math teacher at a high school in Louisiana. She helped inspire underserved students to conduct science research and helped their projects go into science fairs. But there was no flat way to success. School bus being the only form of transportation, several students were unable to ever stay after school to complete research. Therefore, project research had to be completed during lunch or over the phone. Usually, when it comes to conducting science research and participating in science fairs, purchasing a display board, staying after school, and doing research online are almost always a necessity. But students who don’t have internet access at home or can’t afford to buy supplies, or students whose parents are unable to pick them up from school often miss out. Lisa has made it her goal to help her students overcome barriers like these so that they have the opportunity to participate in science fairs. It has been a success. This year, two of her students, Ruth and Zachary, made it to the final science fair in Pittsburgh. There being a large number of bacteria at beaches throughout Louisiana, Ruth decided to study the causes behind this at a local beach. In her project titled “Using Microbial Indicators to Analyze Water Quality at Cypremort Point Beach”, Ruth explained where the bacteria were coming from. “My teacher gave me the equipment I needed to research, and spared her free time to help me work out ideas for how to design my exhibition to make it more readable for the public”, Ruth said. In Zachary’s project, he tested some characteristics of honeys. Although initially he started his project due to a class requirement, he said “Once I started going, it got the ball moving. I just kept going and I was having fun. It was a great experience.” And he added, “Now the lab has attracted me so much that I began to want to spend all my spare time in conducting science research and experiments.” 41. Why did Lisa call on her students to participate in science fairs? A. Her son developed interest in science. B. Her school required the students to do so. C. She wanted to promote science fair participation. D. She realized the student would benefit from the fairs. 42. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The happiness that Lisa found in her work. B. The support that Lisa gave to her students. C. The success that Lisa achieved in her projects. D. The challenges that Lisa met with in her attempts. 43. What can we learn about Ruth’s project? A. It has something to do with Louisiana’s environment. B. It tells us about the chemicals at the local beach. C. It gets support from her classmates and teacher. D. It is a little hard for the public to understand. 44. What did Zachary’s words show? A. He became good at conducting science experiments. B. He showed great enthusiasm for science research. C. He didn’t come across difficulties in his project. D. He appreciated Lisa’s help with his research. 45. Which of the following can best describe Lisa? A. Friendly and strict. B. Patient and confident. C. Generous and determined. D. Careful and humorous. C The question, “What do elephants and fish have in common?” may sound strange but researchers have found that they both have a feature not observed in any other creature. A team at Georgia Institute of Technology has discovered that elephants use a special form of air suction (吸力) in their trunks to pick up food and handle delicate objects. Animals using suction to handle objects are typically found in water. Many fish perform suction feeding that requires specialised body parts to quickly generate air pressure that can draw nearby food into their mouths. The researchers have found that an elephant could do the same thanks to its huge nostrils (鼻孔) and lung capacity. The radius (半径) of an elephant’s nostrils can increase by up to 30%, and the volume of air that it can push through its trunk increases by 64%. This allows it to take in air at 30 times the speed of a human sneeze, enabling it to drink 3L of water a second. In an experiment at Atlanta zoo, the researchers looked at how an elephant would pick up a small crispy (酥脆的) pancake, which was only 0.5 mm thick. The force required to break the pancake was less than 1% of the trunk’s weight (about 100kg). The elephant was found to either use suction at a fixed distance from the pancake to “raise” the object in the air and hold it, or gently press the tip of its trunk against the pancake and apply suction to pick it up. At no time during the experiment did the elephant break the pancake. The researchers believe that the findings could help technology companies develop better machines that use air to do their jobs, as suction has long been used in robotics to grab objects.The fascinating part of the study for robotics is that elephants can use air suction both on ground and in water. The researchers are so impressed that they suggest the elephant’s suction technique could help improve robotics technology. Nature never ceases to surprise. Indeed, it is thought that over four-fifths of living species on earth remain undiscovered. That is a reminder of how little we know of our planet, and that we are not the only creatures with hidden complexities. 46. According to the researchers, what is the ability shared by both elephants and fish? A. Surviving low air pressure. B. Using air suction technique. C. Observing other creatures. D. Adapting to new environments. 47. Which of the following is TRUE about an elephant according to Paragraph 3? A. It drinks water 30 times faster than man. B. It lets out 64% more air when sneezing. C. Its lung capacity is smaller than we think. D. Its nostrils can get 30% bigger in radius. 48. What can be learned about an elephant’s trunk in the experiment? A. Its tip can sense the thickness of objects. B. Its weight affects its movement. C. It breaks the food before holding it. D. It picks up delicate objects in different ways. 49. The research findings may contribute to the development of________. A. underwater robots B. nature reserves C. transport vehicles D. fish farming 50. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To promote a new technology. B. To recommend a research team. C. To introduce a scientific discovery. D. To explain a historical phenomenon. D Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding. We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first. Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical(按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works. Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let the unconscious take over. When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable. One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing. Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired. 51. People with start-up fatigue are most likely to ________. A. delay tasks B. work hard C. seek help D. accept failure 52. What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue? A. Writing essays in strict order. B. Building up physical strength. C. Leaving out the toughest ideas. D. Dealing with the hardest task first. 53. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue? A. Before starting a difficult task. B. When all the solutions fail. C. If the job is rather boring. D. After finding a way out. 54. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us ________. A. ignore mental problems B. get some nice sleep C. gain complete relief D. find the right solution 55. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Success Is Built upon Failure B. How to Handle Performance Fatigue C. Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success D. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems 五、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分1分 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools. My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay(黏土). Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language. I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence came along. I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it. Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate. Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting. 56. What made the author’s school days difficult? (No more than 5 words) 57. Why did art give the author confidence? (No more than 10 words) 58. What lesson did the author learn from rock climbing? (No more than 15 words) 59. What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4? (No more than 5 words) 60. How does the author’s story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life? Put it in your own words. (No more than 20 words) 六、书面表达（满分25分） 61. 最近中学生英文网站 Student Post为了纳新，面向全市招聘中学生英文记者。假设你是晨光中学的李津。请按照以下提示，写一封申请信： （1）应聘本地新闻（local events）记者一职； （2）个人基本情况、相关特长； （3）你做出该决定的具体理由。 注意：（1）词数不少于100； （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Editor, I am writing to ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Li Jin 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027高三英语第一学期期中考试 一、听力 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman? A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30. 4. How does the woman go to work? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman regret? A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now? A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man? A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver. 9. What is the man doing for the woman? A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening? A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend. C. Work extra hours. 12. Who is Alice going to call? A. Mike. B. Joan. C. Catherine. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the woman meet the man? A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together. 14. What does the woman like about the carpet? A. Its color. B. Its design. C. Its quality. 15. What does the man say about the kitchen? A. It’s a good size. B. It’s newly painted. C. It’s adequately equipped. 16. What will the woman probably do next? A. Go downtown. B. Talk with her friend. C. Make payment. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Movie fans. B. News reporters. C. College students. 18. When did the speaker take English classes? A. Before he left his hometown. B. After he came to America. C. When he was 15 years old. 19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher? A. He’s proud. B. He’s sympathetic. C. He’s grateful. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. How education shaped his life. B. How his language skills improved. C. How he managed his business well. 二、单项选择。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. — Would you mind showing the new students around the campus? — ________. I’ll do it right away. A. Yes, I would B. Help yourself C. Go ahead D. Of course not 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—— 你介意带新生参观校园吗？—— 当然不介意，我马上就去。A. Yes, I would为肯定回答，意为“是的，我介意”；B. Help yourself意为“请自便”，用于招待他人取用食物、物品等；C. Go ahead意为“去吧，做吧”，用于允许对方做某事；D. Of course not为否定回答，意为“当然不介意”，符合“马上行动”的语境。故选D项。 2. His vivid descriptions of country life quickly became popular, which established his _____________as one of America's greatest writers. A. trust B. contact C. reputation D. theory 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对乡村生活的生动描述迅速流行起来，这树立了他作为美国伟大作家之一的声誉。A. trust信任；B. contact联系；C. reputation声誉；D. theory理论。根据句意，尤其是greatest writers可知此处用reputation“声誉”符合语境，故选C项。 3. When Sarah started her new job, she found it challenging to________ the fast-paced work environment. A. adapt to B. react to C. attend to D. live up to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。 句意：当萨拉开始新工作时，她发现很难适应快节奏的工作环境。 A. adapt to 适应；B. react to 对……作出反应；C. attend to 照料；处理；D. live up to 不辜负；达到（期望）。 根据前文started her new job（开始新工作）和后文 fast-paced work environment（快节奏的工作环境）的语境可知，此处需要表达“适应新环境”的含义，故选 A。 4. The musician along with his band members ________ ten performances in the last three months. A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 5. The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ________ get a big prize. A. must B. shall C. would D. could 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：那个新超市宣布：在开放日第一个进店买东西的人将得到一份大奖。A. must必须；B.shall可以；C. would将；D. could能。此题考查shall的特殊用法，shall与第二、三人称的主语连用，表允诺，意为“可以”，告知某人能做某事或拥有想要的东西。故选B项。 6. My family and I in Beijing for about two months last year. A. stayed B. have stayed C. had stayed D. would stay 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：去年，我和家人在北京待了大约两个月。空处为句子的谓语动词，句中时间状语为last year，明确表示动作发生在过去，句子使用一般过去时，所以谓语动词stay用过去式stayed。 7. I was so nervous before the presentation. ________ all afternoon. A. I had a frog in my throat B. I had butterflies in my stomach C. I was ready to throw in the towel D. I was behind the wheel 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查英语习语辨析。 句意：演讲前我特别紧张，我整个下午都心慌意乱的。 A. I had a frog in my throat 我嗓子发哑（无法正常说话）；B. I had butterflies in my stomach 我心里七上八下、心慌意乱；C. I was ready to throw the towel 我准备认输放弃；D. I was behind the wheel 我在开车。 根据前文 “so nervous before the presentation（演讲前特别紧张）” 可知，我整个下午都心慌意乱的。故选B。 8. Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：风能是一种古老的能源，我们可能会在不久的将来重新使用它。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an ancient source of energy，先行词指物，结合“return in the near future”可知，从句中应用短语return to“回到”，表示“重新使用它”，先行词作介词to的宾语，因此应用“介词+关系代词”，即to which引导定语从句。故选C。 9. Who can think of a situation __________ this idiom can be used? A. which B. that C. where D. in that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：谁能想到一个可以使用这个习语的情境？设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词situation，先行词表示抽象的地点/情境，从句中不缺主语和宾语，缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导定语从句，相当于in which。 10. I think _______ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. A. what B. that C. which D. who 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我认为关于他的画给我印象最深的是他使用的颜色。在主语从句中what做主语，指代物；that 只起连接作用，不做句子成分；which哪一个；who做主语，指代人；分析句子可知，“_____ impresses me about his painting”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语， 根据语境可知，表示“……的东西”，故用what指物做主语。所以选A。 【点睛】本题考查学生对主语从句的掌握情况。主语从句是在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语。所以做此类题时看题中是否缺少成分，在选择连接词。 11. (2015·陕西) ____________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. A. Why B. When C. That D. What 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句的连接词。句意：被延误的航班何时起飞依天气而定。题干中主句的谓语动词为depends，为此前面是主语从句。Why在主语从句中做原因状语；when在主语从句中作时间状语；that在主语从句中不做任何成分；what在主语从句中作主语或宾语。根据语境判断主语从句中缺少时间状语。故选B。 12. ___________ the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词作状语。句意：接近市中心的时候，我们看到一个10米高的石头雕像。前后主语一致，都是We，我们和接近表示主动的动作，用现在分词。故选A。 13. The teacher raised his voice _______ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连词和固定短语辨析。句意：老师提高他的音量以便所有的学生们能听到他。A. for因为；B. so that以便；C. because因为；D. in order整齐。分析句子结构，设空处应用连词。结合句意，句中缺乏“以便，因此”，引导目的状语从句。故选B项。 14. ___________ studies hard will pass the examination. A. Whoever B. Any student C. Who D. Those who 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：无论谁努力学习，都能通过考试。空处引导主语从句。从句中缺少主语，且表示“无论是谁”努力学习，就会通过考试，所以用whoever“无论谁”引导该从句。 15. The dancing club in our community welcomes all new members, ______ age or gender. A. by means of B. instead of C. on account of D. regardless of 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我们社区的舞蹈俱乐部欢迎所有新成员，不分年龄和性别。A. by means of借助于，通过；B. instead of代替，而不是；C. on account of由于，因为；D. regardless of不管，不顾。根据“welcomes all new members (欢迎所有新成员)”可知，此处指“不考虑年龄和性别”，regardless of符合语境。故选D项。 三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） An elementary school in Scotland gave its students a special present. Instead of being asked to do different kinds of homework or book reports, the children did acts of ____16____, which is a much more ____17____ lesson. The children ____18____ Galsoil School in Clonty performed these kind acts in December and ____19____ their acts in writing or pictures in a Kindness diary. In the project, the teachers ____20____ the students to do kind deeds for an elderly neighbor or a friend who is feeling ____21____, any act that helped to ____22____ someone’s day. The students were also encouraged to write kind notes to each other that were read at a ____23____ every week and all the classes got together to discuss and ____24____ a school-wide project to help the community during the holiday season. “We are _____25_____ our pupils to think of the real _____26_____ of New Year — kindness and giving,” vice principal said. “There is nobody in this world who wouldn’t _____27_____ from an act of kindness, and _____28_____ the joy of kindness is that it _____29_____ nothing. A student Andy said, “Kindness is about making people’s lives _____30_____ by changing little things, or doing little nice things to make a _____31_____ to people around.” The children made a lot of _____32_____ to their grandparents and to seniors in the community to _____33_____ with them over the phone, relieving their loneliness. What the children have learned about kindness is far more _____34_____ than reading, writing, and math. Even the youngest students have _____35_____ much. 16. A. appreciation B. reading C. kindness D. drawing 17. A. demanding B. valuable C. reliable D. previous 18. A. attending B. leaving C. visiting D. interviewing 19. A. conducted B. spread C. broadcast D. recorded 20. A. permitted B. advised C. promised D. begged 21. A. lonely B. guilty C. enthusiastic D. awkward 22. A. promise B. control C. describe D. brighten 23. A. meeting B. concert C. hospital D. station 24. A. live up to B. come up with C. keep up with D. look up to 25. A. pushing B. forcing C. inspiring D. warning 26. A. origin B. traditions C. characteristics D. spirit 27. A. suffer B. benefit C. recover D. separate 28. A. definitely B. strangely C. gradually D. unluckily 29. A. produces B. costs C. deserves D. holds 30. A. richer B. busier C. better D. safer 31. A. choice B. decision C. collection D. difference 32. A. calls B. gifts C. cards D. plans 33. A. compromise B. interpret C. chat D. negotiate 34. A. enjoyable B. popular C. formal D. important 35. A. observed B. shared C. gained D. discussed 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一所学校用做善事代替做家庭作业，让学生了解善良与给予的重要性。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们没有被要求做各种各样的家庭作业或读书报告，而是做了一些善良的行为，这是更有价值的一课。A. appreciation赞赏；B. reading阅读；C. kindness善良；D. drawing绘画。根据下文“The children ____3____ Galsoil School in Clonty performed these kind acts in December and ____4____ their acts in writing or pictures in a Kindness diary.”可知，学校要求孩子们做一些善事。故选C。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们没有被要求做各种各样的家庭作业或读书报告，而是做了一些善良的行为，这是更有价值的一课。A. demanding要求苛刻的；B. valuable有价值的；C. reliable可靠的；D. previous以前的。根据下文“What the children have learned about kindness is far more ____19____ than reading, writing, and math.”可知，让孩子们作善事更有价值。故选B。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在克伦蒂的加尔索尔学校上学的孩子们在12月进行了这些善良的行为，并将他们的行为以文字或图片记录在一本“善良日记”中。A. attending定期去（学校、教堂等）；B. leaving离开；C. visiting访问；D. interviewing面试。根据上文“An elementary school in Scotland gave its students a special present. Instead of being asked to do different kinds of homework or book reports, the children did acts of ____1____, which is a much more ____2____ lesson.”可知，此处指在这所学校上学的孩子。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在克伦蒂的加尔索尔学校上学的孩子们在12月进行了这些善良的行为，并将他们的行为以文字或图片记录在一本“善良日记”中。A. conducted进行；B. spread传播；C. broadcast广播；D. recorded记录。根据下文“their acts in writing or pictures in a Kindness diary.”可知，孩子们在善举日记中记录自己所做的善举。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个项目中，老师们建议学生们为年老的邻居或感到孤独的朋友做善事，任何有助于照亮别人一天的行为。A. permitted允许；B. advised建议；C. promised承诺；D. begged恳求。根据下文“the students to do kind deeds for an elderly neighbor or a friend who is feeling ____6____,”可知，老师建议学生所做善事的对象。advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事。故选B。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个项目中，老师们建议学生们为年老的邻居或感到孤独的朋友做善事，任何有助于让别人在一天中感到愉快的行为。A. lonely孤独的；B. guilty有罪的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文“a friend who is feeling”和常识可知，只有孤单的朋友才需要帮助。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个项目中，老师们建议学生们为年老的邻居或感到孤独的朋友做善事，任何有助于让别人在一天中感到愉快的行为。A. promise承诺；B. control控制；C. describe描述；D. brighten使明亮。根据上文“In the project, the teachers ____5____ the students to do kind deeds for an elderly neighbor or a friend who is feeling ____6____”可知，老师建议孩子们做任何事情，只要有助于让别人在一天中感到愉快。brighten one’s day让某人在一天中感到愉快。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们还被鼓励给彼此写友好的便条，这些便条在每周的会议上宣读，所有班级都聚集在一起讨论并提出一个全校范围的项目，以在假期期间帮助社区。A. meeting会议；B. concert音乐会；C. hospital医院；D. station车站。根据下文“every week and all the classes got together to discuss and ____9____ a school-wide project to help the community during the holiday season.”可知，学校每个周有一次会议。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生们还被鼓励给彼此写友好的便条，这些便条在每周的会议上宣读，所有班级都聚集在一起讨论并提出一个全校范围的项目，以在假期期间帮助社区。A. live up to不辜负；B. come up with想出；C. keep up with跟上；D. look up to仰望。根据下文“a school-wide project to help the community during the holiday season”可知，在会议上，学生一起提出帮助社区的项目。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们鼓励学生们思考新年的真正精神——善良和付出，”副校长说。A. pushing推动；B. forcing强迫；C. inspiring鼓舞；D. warning警告。根据下文“our pupils to think of the real”可知，学校鼓励学生思考什么是新年真正的精神。inspire sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们鼓励学生们思考新年的真正精神——善良和付出，”副校长说。A. origin起源；B. traditions传统；C. characteristics特征；D. spirit精神。根据下文“of New Year — kindness and giving”可知，善举和给予是新年真正的精神。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个世界上，没有人不会从善举中受益，而善举的乐趣当然在于它不需要任何代价。A. suffer遭受；B. benefit(使)受益；C. recover回收；D. separate分离。根据下文“from an act of kindness”及常识可知，每个人都能从善举中受益。benefit from从……获益。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这个世界上，没有人不会从善举中受益，而善举的乐趣当然在于它不需要任何代价。A. definitely当然；B. strangely奇怪地；C. gradually逐渐；D. unluckily不幸地。根据下文“the joy of kindness is that it ____14____ nothing.”可知，善举的乐趣当然在于它不需要任何代价。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个世界上，没有人不会从善举中受益，而善举的乐趣当然在于它不需要任何代价。A. produces生产；B. costs花费；C. deserves应得；D. holds持有。根据下文“nothing”及常识可知，善举的乐趣是不需要任何代价的。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位名叫安迪的学生说：“善举就是通过改变小事让人们的生活更美好，或者做一些小事让周围的人有所不同”A. richer更丰富的；B. busier更忙的；C. better更好的；D. safer更安全的。根据上文“Kindness is about making people’s lives”及常识可知，善举是让人们的生活更美好。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位名叫安迪的学生说：“善举就是通过改变小事让人们的生活更美好，或者做一些小事让周围的人有所不同。”A. choice选择；B. decision决定；C. collection收集品；D. difference影响。根据上文“Kindness is about making people’s lives ____15____ by changing little things”可知，通过做一些小事让周围的人有所不同。make a difference有影响，起作用。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们给他们的祖父母和社区里的老人打了很多电话，和他们聊天，缓解他们的孤独感。A. calls电话；B. gifts礼物；C. cards卡片；D. plans计划。根据下文“to their grandparents and to seniors in the community to ____18____ with them over the phone”可知，孩子们给老人打电话。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们给他们的祖父母和社区里的老人打了很多电话，和他们聊天，缓解他们的孤独感。A. compromise妥协；B. interpret解释；C. chat聊天；D. negotiate谈判。根据下文“with them over the phone, relieving their loneliness”可知，孩子们通过电话，和老人聊天。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们学到的善良远比阅读、写作和数学重要。A. enjoyable愉快的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. formal正式的；D. important重要的。根据上文“Instead of being asked to do different kinds of homework or book reports, the children did acts of ____1____, which is a much more ____2____ lesson.”可知，孩子们的善良远比阅读、写作和数学重要。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是最小的学生也收获颇多。A. observed观察；B. shared共享；C. gained获得；D. discussed讨论。根据上文“What the children have learned about kindness is far more ____19____ than reading, writing, and math.”可知，学生们从做善事中获得很多。故选C。 四、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Austin Children’s Museum This 7,000-square-foot museum aims to entertain and educate children up to age 9. In its Global City exhibit, people can go shopping for groceries, order lunch at a diner, pretend that they’re doctors or construction workers, and more. In other fun exhibits, they learn about Austin’s history, explore the world of water, and experience life on a large Texas farm. Open time: From Tuesday to Saturday, 10:00 a.m.～5:00 p.m. On Sunday, 12:00 a.m.～5:00 p.m. Address: 201 Colorado St, Austin, Texas 78701 Phone: 512-4722499 Brooklyn Children’s Museum Founded in 1899, it is the world’s oldest children’s museum, featuring interactive exhibits, workshops, and special events. The Mystery of Things teaches children about cultural and scientific objects and Music Mix welcomes young virtuosos (名家). Open time: From Wednesday to Friday, 2:00 p.m.～5:00 p.m. On Saturday and Sunday, 10:00 a.m.～5:00 p.m. Address: 145 Brooklyn Ave, Brooklyn, New York 1213 Phone: 718-7354400 Children’s Discovery Museum This museum’s hand-on exhibits explore the relationships between the natural and the created worlds, and among people of different cultures and times. Exhibits include Streets, a 5/8-scale copy of an actual city, with streets lights, and waterworks, which shows how pumps can move water through a reservoir system. Open time: From Monday to Saturday, 10:00 a.m.～5:00 p.m. On Sunday, from noon. Closed on holidays. Address: 180 Woz Way, Guadalupe River Park, San Jose, California 95110 Phone: 408-2985437 Children’s Museum of Indianapolis This museum is the largest of its kind. Exhibits cover science, culture, space, history, and explorations. Among them are the Space Quest Planetarium (additional fee), the 33-foot-high Water Clock, the Playscape gallery for preschools, and the Dinosphere exhibit, along with hand-on science exhibits. The largest gallery, the Center for Exploration, is designed for ages 12 and up. Open time: From Tuesday to Sunday, 10:00 a.m.～5:00 p.m. Closed on Thanksgiving Day and December 25. Address: 3000 N Meridian St, Indianapolis, Indiana 46208 Phone: 317-3343322 36. Suppose that December 25 is Tuesday, which of the following museums can you visit? A. Austin Children’s Museum. B. Brooklyn Children’s Museum. C. Children’s Discovery Museum. D. Children’s Museum of Indianapolis. 37. If you want to see how pumps can move water through a reservoir system, you should visit the museum in _______. A. Texas B. New York C. California D. Indiana 38. After entering the museum you need to pay an additional fee to see _______. A. the Center for Exploration B. the Space Quest Planetarium C. the Global City exhibit D. Waterworks 39. Which of the following is not exhibited in Children’s Museum of Indianapolis? A. culture B. history C. explorations D. special events 40. The purpose of writing this passage is to _______. A. ask adults to visit museums B. compare some museums and decide which one is the best C. introduce some museums and encourage parents to visit them with their children D. introduce some exhibits and museums to foreigners 【答案】36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. C 【解析】 【分析】本文为一篇应用文。本文介绍了四个儿童博物馆的特色，开放时间和地址和电话信息。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据Austin Children’s Museum的“Open time: From Tuesday to Saturday, 10:00 a.m.～5:00 p.m”和其它博物馆的时间描述，可以知道只有Austin Children’s Museum在星期二（12月25日圣诞节时）可以参观，故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Children’s Discovery Museum部分的“Exhibits include Streets, a 5/8-scale copy of an actual city, with streets lights, and waterworks, which shows how pumps can move water through a reservoir system.(展览包括街道,一个实际城市的5/8规模的副本、有路灯和展示水泵如何通过水库系统输送水的自来水厂)”和“Address: 180 Woz Way, Guadalupe River Park, San Jose, California 95110”可以知道地址是California，因此可知如果你想看看水泵如何通过水库系统移动水，你应该参观加利福尼亚的儿童探索博物馆。故选C。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据Children’s Museum of Indianapolis的“Among them are the Space Quest Planetarium (additional fee)(其中包括太空探索天文馆（附加费用）)”可以知道the Space Quest Planetarium是另加钱的，故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据Children’s Museum of Indianapolis的“Exhibits cover science, culture, space, history, and explorations.(展览涵盖了科学、文化、空间、历史和探索)”可以知道，Children’s Museum of Indianapolis不包括特殊活动，故选D。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据黑体小标题以及全文内容可知，本文介绍了奥斯汀儿童博物馆，布鲁克林儿童博物馆，儿童探索博物馆以及印第安纳波利斯儿童博物馆的特色，开放时间，地址和电话信息等，因此推断本文是介绍一些儿童博物馆并鼓励家长带孩子参观。故选C。 B After her son competed at an international science fair, Lisa Ranney found that the fair could greatly make her son fond of science and learn about science. And then she began encouraging her students to attend it. And after learning about the Society for Science & the Public’s and Equity Programs, she began promoting science fair participation to underserved students. Lisa was a science and math teacher at a high school in Louisiana. She helped inspire underserved students to conduct science research and helped their projects go into science fairs. But there was no flat way to success. School bus being the only form of transportation, several students were unable to ever stay after school to complete research. Therefore, project research had to be completed during lunch or over the phone. Usually, when it comes to conducting science research and participating in science fairs, purchasing a display board, staying after school, and doing research online are almost always a necessity. But students who don’t have internet access at home or can’t afford to buy supplies, or students whose parents are unable to pick them up from school often miss out. Lisa has made it her goal to help her students overcome barriers like these so that they have the opportunity to participate in science fairs. It has been a success. This year, two of her students, Ruth and Zachary, made it to the final science fair in Pittsburgh. There being a large number of bacteria at beaches throughout Louisiana, Ruth decided to study the causes behind this at a local beach. In her project titled “Using Microbial Indicators to Analyze Water Quality at Cypremort Point Beach”, Ruth explained where the bacteria were coming from. “My teacher gave me the equipment I needed to research, and spared her free time to help me work out ideas for how to design my exhibition to make it more readable for the public”, Ruth said. In Zachary’s project, he tested some characteristics of honeys. Although initially he started his project due to a class requirement, he said “Once I started going, it got the ball moving. I just kept going and I was having fun. It was a great experience.” And he added, “Now the lab has attracted me so much that I began to want to spend all my spare time in conducting science research and experiments.” 41. Why did Lisa call on her students to participate in science fairs? A. Her son developed interest in science. B. Her school required the students to do so. C. She wanted to promote science fair participation. D. She realized the student would benefit from the fairs. 42. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The happiness that Lisa found in her work. B. The support that Lisa gave to her students. C. The success that Lisa achieved in her projects. D. The challenges that Lisa met with in her attempts. 43. What can we learn about Ruth’s project? A. It has something to do with Louisiana’s environment. B. It tells us about the chemicals at the local beach. C. It gets support from her classmates and teacher. D. It is a little hard for the public to understand. 44. What did Zachary’s words show? A. He became good at conducting science experiments. B. He showed great enthusiasm for science research. C. He didn’t come across difficulties in his project. D. He appreciated Lisa’s help with his research. 45. Which of the following can best describe Lisa? A. Friendly and strict. B. Patient and confident. C. Generous and determined. D. Careful and humorous. 【答案】41. D 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了教师莉萨帮助资源匮乏学生克服障碍参加科学展览，培养学生科研兴趣的故事。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“After her son competed at an international science fair, Lisa Ranney found that the fair could greatly make her son fond of science and learn about science. And then she began encouraging her students to attend it.(在儿子参加一场国际科学展之后，莉萨·兰尼发现这场科学展能极大地激发儿子对科学的兴趣，让他了解科学。于是她开始鼓励自己的学生也去参加)”可知，她意识到学生能从科学展览中受益，所以号召学生参加。 【42题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“But there was no flat way to success. School bus being the only form of transportation, several students were unable to ever stay after school to complete research.(但成功之路并非一帆风顺。由于校车是唯一的交通工具，几名学生根本无法在放学后留下来完成研究)”可知，本段主要讲述莉萨在帮助学生参加科学展的过程中遇到的现实困难。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“There being a large number of bacteria at beaches throughout Louisiana, Ruth decided to study the causes behind this at a local beach.(路易斯安那州各处海滩都存在大量细菌，露丝决定在当地一处海滩研究这一现象背后的成因)”可知，露丝的项目和路易斯安那州的环境相关。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中“And he added, “Now the lab has attracted me so much that I began to want to spend all my spare time in conducting science research and experiments.”(他补充道：“现在实验室深深吸引了我，我开始想把所有课余时间都用来开展科学研究和实验。”)”可知，扎卡里展现出了对科学研究的极高热情。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“She helped inspire underserved students to conduct science research and helped their projects go into science fairs.(她帮助激励资源匮乏的学生开展科学研究，并帮助他们把项目送入科学展)”，第四段中“Lisa has made it her goal to help her students overcome barriers like these so that they have the opportunity to participate in science fairs.(莉萨把帮助学生克服这些障碍作为自己的目标，以便他们有机会参加科学展)”以及第五段中““My teacher gave me the equipment I needed to research, and spare her free time to help me work out ideas for how to design my exhibition to make it more readable for the public”, Ruth said.(露丝说：“我的老师给了我研究所需的设备，还抽出空闲时间帮我构思展览的设计思路，让展品内容更便于大众理解。”)”可知，莉萨慷慨地付出时间与资源，并坚定地帮助学生实现目标。 C The question, “What do elephants and fish have in common?” may sound strange but researchers have found that they both have a feature not observed in any other creature. A team at Georgia Institute of Technology has discovered that elephants use a special form of air suction (吸力) in their trunks to pick up food and handle delicate objects. Animals using suction to handle objects are typically found in water. Many fish perform suction feeding that requires specialised body parts to quickly generate air pressure that can draw nearby food into their mouths. The researchers have found that an elephant could do the same thanks to its huge nostrils (鼻孔) and lung capacity. The radius (半径) of an elephant’s nostrils can increase by up to 30%, and the volume of air that it can push through its trunk increases by 64%. This allows it to take in air at 30 times the speed of a human sneeze, enabling it to drink 3L of water a second. In an experiment at Atlanta zoo, the researchers looked at how an elephant would pick up a small crispy (酥脆的) pancake, which was only 0.5 mm thick. The force required to break the pancake was less than 1% of the trunk’s weight (about 100kg). The elephant was found to either use suction at a fixed distance from the pancake to “raise” the object in the air and hold it, or gently press the tip of its trunk against the pancake and apply suction to pick it up. At no time during the experiment did the elephant break the pancake. The researchers believe that the findings could help technology companies develop better machines that use air to do their jobs, as suction has long been used in robotics to grab objects.The fascinating part of the study for robotics is that elephants can use air suction both on ground and in water. The researchers are so impressed that they suggest the elephant’s suction technique could help improve robotics technology. Nature never ceases to surprise. Indeed, it is thought that over four-fifths of living species on earth remain undiscovered. That is a reminder of how little we know of our planet, and that we are not the only creatures with hidden complexities. 46. According to the researchers, what is the ability shared by both elephants and fish? A. Surviving low air pressure. B. Using air suction technique. C. Observing other creatures. D. Adapting to new environments. 47. Which of the following is TRUE about an elephant according to Paragraph 3? A. It drinks water 30 times faster than man. B. It lets out 64% more air when sneezing. C. Its lung capacity is smaller than we think. D. Its nostrils can get 30% bigger in radius. 48. What can be learned about an elephant’s trunk in the experiment? A. Its tip can sense the thickness of objects. B. Its weight affects its movement. C. It breaks the food before holding it. D. It picks up delicate objects in different ways. 49. The research findings may contribute to the development of________. A. underwater robots B. nature reserves C. transport vehicles D. fish farming 50. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To promote a new technology. B. To recommend a research team. C. To introduce a scientific discovery. D. To explain a historical phenomenon. 【答案】46. B 47. D 48. D 49. A 50. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项科学发现：大象可以用吸力处理轻小物体，且大象的吸力技术可以帮助改进机器人技术。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A team at Georgia Institute of Technology has discovered that elephants use a special form of air suction (吸力) in their trunks to pick up food and handle delicate objects. (佐治亚理工学院的一个研究团队发现，大象利用其长鼻的一种特殊吸气方式来获取食物和处理精细物品。) ”和“Many fish perform suction feeding that requires specialised body parts to quickly generate air pressure that can draw nearby food into their mouths. (许多鱼类进行吸吮，这需要专门的身体部位来快速产生气压，从而将附近的食物吸入嘴里。) ”可知，大象和鱼一样拥有使用吸力的技能。故选B项。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The radius (半径) of an elephant’s nostrils can increase by up to 30%, and the volume of air that it can push through its trunk increases by 64%. (大象鼻孔的半径可以增加30%，通过象鼻的空气量可以增加64%。) ”可知，大象鼻孔的半径可以增加30%，同时通过鼻子的空气量可以增加64%。故选D项。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The elephant was found to either use suction at a fixed distance from the pancake to “raise” the object in the air and hold it, or gently press the tip of its trunk against the pancake and apply suction to pick it up. (研究发现，大象要么在距离煎饼固定距离处使用吸力将物体“举起”在空中并握住，要么轻轻地将象鼻尖端压在煎饼上并施加吸力将其捡起。) ”可知，大象可以用不同的方式拾取精致的物体。故选D项。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The researchers believe that the findings could help technology companies develop better machines that use air to do their jobs, as suction has long been used in robotics to grab objects.The fascinating part of the study for robotics is that elephants can use air suction both on ground and in water. The researchers are so impressed that they suggest the elephant’s suction technique could help improve robotics technology. (研究人员认为，这些发现可以帮助科技公司开发出更好的机器，利用空气来完成工作，因为吸力长期以来一直被用于机器人抓取物体。这项机器人研究的有趣之处在于，大象可以在地面和水中使用空气吸力。研究人员对此印象深刻，他们认为大象的抽吸技术可以帮助改进机器人技术。) ”可知，这项研究可能有助于水下机器人的发展。故选A项。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A team at Georgia Institute of Technology has discovered that elephants use a special form of air suction (吸力) in their trunks to pick up food and handle delicate objects. Animals using suction to handle objects are typically found in water. Many fish perform suction feeding that requires specialised body parts to quickly generate air pressure that can draw nearby food into their mouths. (佐治亚理工学院的一个团队发现，大象在树干中使用一种特殊形式的空气吸力来拾取食物和处理精致的物体。使用吸力处理物体的动物通常在水中。许多鱼类进行吸吮，这需要专门的身体部位来快速产生气压，从而将附近的食物吸入嘴里。) ”可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究结论：大象能通过吸力用鼻子抓取轻小物体。由此可推断作者的写作目的是介绍一项科学发现。故选C项。 D Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding. We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first. Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical(按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works. Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let the unconscious take over. When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable. One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing. Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired. 51. People with start-up fatigue are most likely to ________. A. delay tasks B. work hard C. seek help D. accept failure 52. What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue? A. Writing essays in strict order. B. Building up physical strength. C. Leaving out the toughest ideas. D. Dealing with the hardest task first. 53. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue? A. Before starting a difficult task. B. When all the solutions fail. C. If the job is rather boring. D. After finding a way out. 54. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us ________. A. ignore mental problems B. get some nice sleep C. gain complete relief D. find the right solution 55. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Success Is Built upon Failure B. How to Handle Performance Fatigue C. Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success D. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems 【答案】51. A 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要介绍每个人都希望成功，但是人们在实施任务的时候会出现启动疲惫和表现疲惫，这是造成失败的两种原因，文章具体介绍如何克服这两种疲惫。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的句子In the former case, we keep putting off a task可知，有启动疲惫的人更可能拖延任务。故选A。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的句子The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply:always handle the most difficult job first可知，为了防止启动疲惫作者建议首先处理最难的任务。故选D。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段的句子Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle…we fail again and again可知，当所有的解决方法都失败的时候，一个人可能会有表现疲惫。故选B。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句 "An hour later， I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind" 可知，在"我"精疲力竭睡了一觉之后，"我"的脑海里清晰地出现了一个解决方法，因此推断无意识的行为可能帮助我们发现正确的解决方法。故选D。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全篇文章和最后一段的内容“Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.”可知，文章主要介绍造成失败的两种疲惫，以及如何克服疲惫。故选C。 五、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分1分 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools. My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay(黏土). Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language. I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence came along. I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it. Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate. Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting. 56. What made the author’s school days difficult? (No more than 5 words) 57. Why did art give the author confidence? (No more than 10 words) 58. What lesson did the author learn from rock climbing? (No more than 15 words) 59. What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4? (No more than 5 words) 60. How does the author’s story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life? Put it in your own words. (No more than 20 words) 【答案】56. （His）learning disability. Or:Having a learning disability. Or:That he was learning disabled. Or:He had a learning disability. 57. He could be smart and express himself with clay. Or:Art could help him express himself without words. Or:He could well express himself with clay/art. 58. If you enjoy something and keep doing it, you will get better at it. Or:The more you practice something, the better at it you will become. Or:Practice makes perfect. Or:Pracitce leads to success. 59. I could read and write. 60. We should not lose heart in face of difficulties. If we work hard, we will find a way out. Or:The author’s story tells me that I should be confident and practice hard overcome difficulties in my life. Or:We should overcome our weaknesses and fears with courage and dertermination. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者小的时候有学习障碍，但是他不放弃，通过做黏土来表达自己，通过不断练习，使自己学会读书写字。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子I had a learning disability from an early age,可知作者学校的日子很难，因为他有学习障碍。故填（His）learning disability. Or: Having a learning disability.Or: That he was learning disabled. Or: He had a learning disability. 【57题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的句子disabled as I was in language, I could still be smart and well express myself with clay可知艺术给了作者自信因为艺术可以帮助他不用语言表达自己。故填He could be smart and express himself with clay. Or: Art could help him express himself without words. Or: He could well express himself with clay/art. 【58题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的句子I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice.可知作者从爬山学到如果你喜欢做一件事，就一直做，你会更好的。故填If you enjoy something and keep doing it, you will get better at it. Or: The more you practice something, the better at it you will become. Or: Practice makes perfect. Or: Pracitce leads to success. 【59题详解】 句意猜测题。根据文章第四段的句子Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate.可知,这句话的意思是：我会读书写字。故填I could read and write. 【60题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章的内容和最后一段的句子Having gone through the long process with…，I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard but interesting.可知，从作者的故事中我们学会，面对失败我们不应该灰心。故填We should not lose heart in face of difficulties. If we work hard, we will find a way out. Or: The author’s story tells me that I should be confident and practice hard overcome difficulties in my life. Or: We should overcome our weaknesses and fears with courage and determination. 六、书面表达（满分25分） 61. 最近中学生英文网站 Student Post为了纳新，面向全市招聘中学生英文记者。假设你是晨光中学的李津。请按照以下提示，写一封申请信： （1）应聘本地新闻（local events）记者一职； （2）个人基本情况、相关特长； （3）你做出该决定的具体理由。 注意：（1）词数不少于100； （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Editor, I am writing to ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Li Jin 【答案】Dear Editor, I am writing to apply for the position of reporter covering local events for Student Post. I’m Li Jin from Chenguang Middle School. Outgoing and easy‑going, I communicate well with others. I have a good grasp of English, both spoken and written. I can also take photos and organize information well. I have written some short English reports about school events, which appeared on our school website. I apply because I’m fascinated by stories in our city and long to record meaningful local news. Besides, I wish to polish my English and reporting skills through interviews and collecting first‑hand material. If accepted, I will spare no effort to deliver lively local news for readers. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以晨光中学李津的身份，给Student Post网站写一封申请信，应聘本地新闻（local events）记者一职，需涵盖个人基本情况、相关特长及申请理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 记者：reporter → journalist 掌握：have a good grasp of → master 提升：polish → sharpen 有意义的：meaningful → significant 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I have a good grasp of English, both spoken and written. 拓展句：I have a good grasp of English, which includes both spoken and written forms. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I have written some short English reports about school events, which appeared on our school website.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I apply because I’m fascinated by stories in our city and long to record meaningful local news.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $